Dietary Sesame Seed Decreases Urinary Excretion of .ALPHA.- and .GAMMA.-Tocopherol Metabolites in Rats

Uchida, Tomono; Ichikawa, Tomio; Abe, Chisato; Yamashita, Kanae; Ikeda, Shoichiro

doi:10.3177/jnsv.53.372

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The urinary excretion of α-CEHC in the sesamin group was significantly lower compared to the α-TOH control group. Further, the combination of α-TOH and sesamin provoked a significant increase of hepatic α-TOH concentrations compared to α-TOH treated animals [95]. These observations have been confirmed in other animal studies [93,94].…”

Section: Intake Of Sesaminsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Sesamin is a lignan, a group of natural compounds derived from vegetable sources, like sesame seeds [92]. Sesamin is known as a natural inhibitor of the metabolism of TOH [93][94][95][96][97]. The cell regulatory actions of sesamin have been initially investigated in in vitro models, where Parker et al showed that sesamin acts as a selective inhibitor of CYP3A4, an initial enzyme of TOH metabolism [46].…”

Section: Intake Of Sesaminmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the in vitro data, Uchida and coworkers investigated the inhibitory effects of sesamin on vitamin E metabolism in rats. Vitamin E-deficient rats (vitamin E free diet for 4 weeks) were treated with 50 mg/kg RRR-α-TOH alone or in combination with 200 g/kg sesame seeds [95]. Next, the concentration of α-TOH in different tissues as well as the urinary excretion of α-CEHC was measured.…”

Section: Intake Of Sesaminmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Hepatic Fate of Vitamin E

Schmölz¹,

Schubert²,

Kluge³

et al. 2018

Vitamin E in Health and Disease

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Vitamin E is a lipophilic vitamin and thus is naturally occurring mainly in high-fat plant products such as oils, nuts, germs, seeds, and in lower amounts in vegetables and some fruits. The term "vitamin E" comprises different structures that are classified as tocopherols, tocotrienols, and "vitamin E-related structures." Vitamin E follows the same route in the body like other lipophilic substances. In brief, vitamin E is absorbed in the intestine, packaged into chylomicrons together with other lipophilic molecules, and distributed via lymph and blood in the body. As the liver is the central organ in lipoprotein metabolism, it is also essential for the uptake, distribution, metabolism, and storage of vitamin E. Based on the current knowledge on that field, the physiological, nonphysiological, and pathophysiological factors influencing the hepatic handling of vitamin E, verifying the crucial role of the liver in vitamin E homeostasis, are described.

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Section: Intake Of Sesaminsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Intake Of Sesaminmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intake Of Sesaminmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Hepatic Fate of Vitamin E

Schmölz¹,

Schubert²,

Kluge³

et al. 2018

Vitamin E in Health and Disease

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“…Thus, we can conclude that CYP-dependent catabolism regulates the vitamin E concentration in the small intestine and in the liver. We previously found that sesame seed and its lignans, such as sesamin and sesaminol, inhibited vitamin E catabolism (13,23). These data suggest that dietary sesame seed enhances vitamin E absorption in the small intestine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Tissue Distribution of Vitamin E Metabolites in Rats after Oral Administration of Tocopherol or Tocotrienol

Uchida

Nomura

Ichikawa

et al. 2011

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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SummaryWe previously found that 2,7,8-trimethyl-2(2 ′ -carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman ( ␥ CEHC), a metabolite of the vitamin E isoforms ␥ -tocopherol or ␥ -tocotrienol, accumulated in the rat small intestine. The aim of this study was to evaluate tissue distribution of vitamin E metabolites. A single dose of ␣ -tocopherol, ␥ -tocopherol or a tocotrienol mixture containing ␣ -and ␥ -tocotrienol was orally administered to rats. Total amounts of conjugated and unconjugated metabolites in the tissues were measured by HPLC with an electrochemical detector, and 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (trolox) was used as an internal standard. Twenty-four hours later, the vitamin E isoforms were detected in most tissues and in the serum. However, 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2(2 ′ -carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman ( ␣ CEHC), a metabolite of ␣ -tocopherol or ␣ -tocotrienol, and ␥ CEHC accumulated in the serum and in some tissues including the liver, small intestine and kidney. Administration of ␣ -tocopherol increased the ␥ CEHC concentration in the small intestine, suggesting that ␣ -tocopherol enhances ␥ -tocopherol catabolism. In contrast, ketoconazole, an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP)-dependent vitamin E catabolism, markedly decreased the ␥ CEHC concentration. These data indicate that vitamin E metabolite accumulates not only in the liver but also in the small intestine and kidney. We conclude that some dietary vitamin E is catabolized to carboxyethyl-hydroxychroman in the small intestine and is secreted into the circulatory system. Key Words carboxyethyl-hydroxychroman, tocopherol, tocotrienol, vitamin E Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant that inhibits lipid peroxidation in biological membranes. In nature, compounds with vitamin E activity are ␣ -, ␤ -, ␥ -or ␦ -tocopherol and ␣ -, ␤ -, ␥ -or ␦ -tocotrienol. ␣ -and ␥ -tocopherol are abundant in dietary vitamin E while tocotrienol is only present in some plant sources, such as palm oil and rice bran, while daily foods contain low levels of tocotrienol. The dietary vitamin E isoforms are absorbed in the small intestine, secreted with triacylglycerol-rich chylomicrons into the lymph and blood, and then transported to the liver ( 1 , 2 ). The vitamin E isoform ␣ -tocopherol is preferentially incorporated into VLDL and transported to tissues by lipoprotein ( 3 , 4 ) because of its high affinity for ␣ -tocopherol transfer protein ( ␣ TTP) ( 5 ). In contrast, the other vitamin E isoforms, including ␥ -tocopherol and tocotrienol, are catabolized and excreted. Therefore, ␣ -tocopherol has the highest biological activity among vitamin E isoforms.All vitamin E isoforms undergo catabolism to phytyl short-chain carboxyethyl hydroxychromans (CEHC) such as 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2(2 ′ -carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman ( ␣ CEHC), a metabolite of ␣ -tocopherol and ␣ -tocotrienol, and 2,7,8-trimethyl-2(2 ′ -carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman ( ␥ CEHC), a metabolite of ␥ -tocopherol and ␥ -tocotrienol ( 6-8 ). The catabolic pathway involves -hydroxylation of the phytyl chain and ...

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“…The increase of serum vitamin E after sesame seed supplementation has been reported in rats (Yamashita et al, 1995 ; Hanzawa et al, 2013 ). It has been suggested that sesame lignans regulate vitamin E metabolism by inhibiting tocopherol catabolism (Uchida et al, 2007 ; Hanzawa et al, 2013 ). However, other factors related to the effects of training on athlete's metabolism could have influenced the increase of vitamin E, once it was also observed in placebo group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Supplementation on Creatine Kinase, Lactate Dehydrogenase, Oxidative Stress Markers, and Aerobic Capacity in Semi-Professional Soccer Players

et al. 2017

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Nutritional intervention with antioxidants rich foods has been considered a strategy to minimize the effects of overtraining in athletes. This experimental, randomized, and placebo-controlled study evaluated the effects of consumption of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) on muscle damage markers, oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and aerobic performance in male semi-professional soccer players. Twenty athletes were randomly assigned to groups that received 40 g (two tablespoons) per day of sesame or a placebo during 28 days of regular training (exposed to routine training that includes loads of heavy training in the final half of the season). Before and after intervention, creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and aerobic capacity were evaluated. Before intervention, a physiologic imbalance was noted in both groups related to CK and LDH levels. Sesame intake caused a reduction of CK (19%, p < 0.05), LDH (37%, p < 0.05), MDA (55%, p < 0.05) and hs-CRP (53%, p < 0.05) and increased SOD (14%, p < 0.05), vitamin A (25%, p < 0.05), and vitamin E (65%, p < 0.05) in the experimental group. These phenomena were accompanied by increased aerobic capacity (17%, p < 0.05). The placebo group showed an increase in CK (5%, p < 0.05) and no significant change in LDH, SOD or vitamin A. MDA levels decreased (21%, p < 0.05) and vitamin E increased (14%, p < 0.05) in the placebo group, but to a much lesser extent than in the experimental group. These results show that sesame consumption may reduce muscle damage and oxidative stress while improving the aerobic capacity in soccer players.

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Dietary Sesame Seed Decreases Urinary Excretion of .ALPHA.- and .GAMMA.-Tocopherol Metabolites in Rats

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

The Hepatic Fate of Vitamin E

The Hepatic Fate of Vitamin E

Tissue Distribution of Vitamin E Metabolites in Rats after Oral Administration of Tocopherol or Tocotrienol

Effects of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Supplementation on Creatine Kinase, Lactate Dehydrogenase, Oxidative Stress Markers, and Aerobic Capacity in Semi-Professional Soccer Players

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