Dietary supplementation with Rehmannia glutinosa affects the composition of intestinal microorganisms in common carp

Abstract

A feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Rehmannia glutinosa (RG) on the bacterial, archaeal, and fungal community composition in the gut of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Common carp were given a control diet and an RG-supplemented diet (basal diet plus 4% prepared Rehmannia root powder) over a period of 80 days. Our results indicated that the bacteria Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes; the archaea Crenarchaeota and Euryarchaeota; and the fungi Basidiomycota are the most abundant microbial taxa in the gut of common carp. Compared with the common carp fed a control diet, the common carp fed an RG-supplemented diet contained a higher content of Akkermansia sp., and a lower proportion of Aeromonas sp. These results indicate that the consumption of a diet containing RG can lead to the accumulation of more beneficial microorganisms while inhibiting the growth of potential pathogens. Moreover, Crenarchaeota, the methanogenic, and Basidiomycota were detected in this study, these populations may be of high physiological relevance in carp because they have been implicated in human health and disease. Our results suggest that an RG-supplemented diet changes the intestinal microbial composition of common carp, which could have positive effects on the immune response of carp.

Effect of Dihuang Yinzi on Inflammatory Response in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Model Rats by Regulating Gut Microbiota

“…A high-risk group for stroke had an enrichment of opportunistic pathogens and lactate-producing bacteria, but a decrease in butyrate-producing bacteria, compared with a low-risk group for stroke, one report showed [ 27 ], which explain the reason for the increase of allobaculum, christensenellaceae, and ruminococcaceae et al, in Dihuang Yinzi groups. The consumption of a diet containing rehmanniae is conducive to the accumulation of more beneficial microorganisms while inhibiting the growth of potential pathogens [ 28 ]. Furthermore, we also analyzed the effect of antibiotics on the intestinal bacteria.…”

Fish disease and intestinal microbiota: A close and indivisible relationship

“…89 Regarding the fungal community, the internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 (ITS1 and ITS2) have been used to explore the microbial community in the gut of common carp. 90 Additionally, high-throughput sequencing is a powerful tool to perform functional annotations on microbial communities. Sequences obtained using metagenomics or transcriptomics are annotated against several nucleotide and protein databases, including NCBI non-redundant protein sequence (NR), NCBI non-redundant nucleotide sequence (NT), Swiss-Prot, InterPro, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) or Cluster of Orthologous Groups of proteins (COG).…”

“…However, the 18 S rRNA gene is used to know the eukaryotic gut community in fish, 87,88 using the hypervariable V9 89 . Regarding the fungal community, the internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 (ITS1 and ITS2) have been used to explore the microbial community in the gut of common carp 90 . Additionally, high‐throughput sequencing is a powerful tool to perform functional annotations on microbial communities.…”