Dietary supplementation with resistant starch contributes to intestinal health

Abstract

Purpose of reviewResistant starch has received much attention recently as a healthy carbohydrate component of the diet. Resistant starch is not digested in the small intestine and can thus affect the gut microbiota of the host because of its fermentability. This review summarizes the interactions along the resistant starch–gut microbiota–host axis to help understand the health effects of resistant starch.Recent findingsRecent studies indicate that resistant starch can be a helpful dietary component for special disease states like diabetes, metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, constipation, and colitis. Its health effects are associated with modulation of the gut microbiota, and with gut microbes converting resistant starch into active and bioavailable metabolites that promote intestinal health.SummaryThe results from human clinical trials and studies in animal models indicate that supplementation of the diet with resistant starch in different metabolic diseases help remodel gut microbiota, especially increasing short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, and produce bioactive metabolites like SCFA, bile acids, and amino acids responsible for a variety of health effects. The gut microbiota and microbial metabolites probably mediate the effects of resistant starch on intestinal health.

The impact of slowly digestible and resistant starch on glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance

“…The same results have been found in another study, with an improvement in postprandial glycemia and insulinemia after one week of intervention in healthy subjects, but no matching for available CHO content. The better glycemic profile observed was associated with changes in microbiota composition, with in particular an increase in bacterial butyrate-producers [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Flow field-flow fractionation coupled with multidetector: A robust approach for the separation and characterization of resistant starch

“…RS has been applied in the food industry, medical care, material science, and other fields ( Fig. 1 ) ( Hernandez-Hernandez et al, 2023 , Liang et al, 2023 , Tekin and Dincer, 2023 , Thongsomboon et al, 2023 , Wang et al, 2023 , Wen et al, 2023 ).…”

Effect of resistant starch supplementation on the diversity and composition of human gut microbiota: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…However, the impacts of RS on microbial abundance and genera in the gut are inconsistent, which brings a major obstacle to understanding the regulatory role of gut microbiota in the effects of RS on human health and the progress of current research. Previous research shows that RS treatment stimulates the abundance of probiotic gut microbiota to benefit gastrointestinal health [13]. The consumption of RS in a habitual diet stimulates the abundance of Faecalibacterium and Prevotella in the gut by 2% and 8%, respectively, and limits the relative abundance of Clostridium [14].…”