Dietary taurine supplementation to a plant protein source‐based diet improved the growth and intestinal immune function of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Abstract

The effects of taurine supplementation on the growth and intestinal immune function in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) were investigated in this study. A total of 540 fish (initial average weights of 255.74 ± 0.65 g) were fed one fishmeal diet and five all‐plant protein source‐based diets with graded levels of taurine (0 to 1.98g/kg diet) for 60 days, and then challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila for 14 days. First, the results showed that the taurine supplementation improved growth (PWG, TGC, FI and FE), enteritis resistance, intestinal antimicrobial compounds (LZ, ACP, C3, C4, IgM, hepcidin, LEAP‐2A, LEAP‐2B, β‐defensin‐1 and MUC2) and attenuated intestinal inflammation in young grass carp under the all‐plant protein source‐based diet. Second, the taurine supplementation attenuated intestinal inflammation partially referring to nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) and target of rapamycin (TOR) signallings. Finally, under the all‐plant protein source‐based diet, the comparable level of taurine supplementation based on growth and ability against enteritis relative to fishmeal diet was established as 0.50 g/kg diet, and the optimal levels of taurine supplementation based on thermal‐unit growth coefficient (TGC), ability against enteritis and acid phosphatase (ACP) activity were established as 0.97, 1.08 and 1.21 g/kg diet, respectively.

Adaptation of AMPK-mTOR-signal pathways and lipid metabolism in response to low- and high-rapeseed meal diet in Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi)

“…In our study, fish fed with low level replacement of rapeseed meal diet phosphorylated Grb10, indicated that diet with low level of rapeseed meal could activate Grb10, and inhibit mTOR pathway, that enhanced lipolysis and thermogenesis of Chinese perch. Similar results were found in grass carp [44] and juvenile white shrimp [45], the results are in line with other studies.…”

Dietary arachidonic acid supplementation improves the growth performance and alleviates plant protein‐based diet‐induced inflammation in juvenile turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus L.)

“…Plant protein intake is also correlated to impaired digestion and increased oxidative stress in aquatic animals (Gu et al., 2017; Tibaldi et al., 2006; Yamamoto et al., 2008). The digestive capacity of fish depends on the functional intestine (Yan et al., 2019), which is usually affected by the enteritis (Chen et al., 2015; Zhang et al., 2017). It has been reported that dietary plant protein intake in fish is related to intestinal inflammation reflected by decreased levels of anti‐inflammatory cytokines (e.g.…”

Growth performance, digestive and absorptive capacity of on‐growing grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus ) fed with graded level of dietary fibre from soybean hulls

“…The primary antibodies for TOR and phosphorylation of TOR Ser 2448 are the same as described by Yan et al. (2019). Subsequently, the membranes were washed and reacted with goat anti‐rabbit horseradish peroxidase‐conjugated secondary antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) for 2 hr.…”

“…After that, membranes reacted with primary antibodies (4°C, 12 hr). The primary antibodies for TOR and phosphorylation of TOR Ser 2448 are the same as described byYan et al (2019). Subsequently,…”