Dietary α-lipoic acid requirement and its effects on antioxidant status, carbohydrate metabolism, and intestinal microflora in oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan)

Xiong, Yunfeng; Li, Qimei; Ding, Zhili; Zheng, Jinxian; Zhou, Dongsheng; Wei, Shanshan; Han, Xingyu; Cheng, Xiaonong; Li, Xiaoli; Xue, Yansong

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.737531

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…However, at all three P/C ratios, supplementation with α-LA improved the survival rate, possibly because of its efect to increase the antioxidant capacity. An increase in the antioxidant capacity of prawns by dietary supplementation with α-LA at an appropriate level was confrmed in our previous study [20]. To further explore the efects of α-LA on energy expenditure in M. nipponense fed with diets with diferent P/C ratios, we analyzed the activities of key enzymes involved in carbohydrate, lipid, and energy metabolism and the transcript profles of their encoding genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Te calculation of P/C ratios was based on the crude protein and corn starch contents in the diet. Te α-LA was obtained from the Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd, and the concentration of α-LA used was based on our previous study [20]. Te dry raw materials were thoroughly pulverized, sieved through a 212-μm sieve, and weighed accurately according to each recipe.…”

Section: Experimental Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protein-Sparing Effect of α-Lipoic Acid in Diets with Different Protein/Carbohydrate Ratios for the Oriental River Prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense

Wang

Xiong

et al. 2023

Aquaculture Research

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Carbohydrates are commonly used in aquaculture feed because they are the cheapest energy source. Promoting carbohydrate catabolism for energy production can increase the dietary protein utilization efficiency (i.e., a protein-sparing effect). Alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) is a cofactor of some rate-limiting key enzymes (pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase) in carbohydrate metabolism. To determine whether α-LA could promote carbohydrate catabolism to have a protein-sparing effect, we investigated the growth, activities of key enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, transcript levels of genes encoding enzymes involved in energy metabolism, and the hepatopancreas structure of Macrobrachium nipponense fed with diets containing different protein/carbohydrate ratios (P/C) with and without α-LA. Six experimental diets for M. nipponense were formulated with casein and fish meal as the protein sources, fish oil and soybean oil as the lipid sources, and corn starch as the carbohydrate source. The six diets consisted of three different P/Cs ( P 41 / C 18 , P 37 / C 24 , and P 33 / C 30 ) without or with α-LA (at 1300 mg/kg). Each diet had six replicates and was fed to prawns (initial weight 0.110 ± 0.010 g) twice daily to apparent satiation. Dietary supplementation with α-LA significantly increased the survival rate of prawns, regardless of the P/C ratio. In the low-P/C group ( P 33 / C 30 ), the weight gain did not vary between those that consumed α-LA and those that did not. The P/C ratio and α-LA significantly affected the activities of key enzymes involved in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. In the P 41 / C 18 group, the hexokinase (HK) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activities were significantly higher in prawns that consumed α-LA than in those that did not. In both the P 37 / C 24 and P 33 / C 30 groups, the pyruvate kinase (PK) activity was significantly higher in prawns that consumed α-LA than in those that did not. Significant interactions between P/C and α-LA were found for the transcript levels of genes encoding adenine ribonucleotide-dependent protein kinase subunits (AMPK αand AMPK β), HK, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and fatty acid binding protein 10 (FABP 10), all of which are involved in energy metabolism. In the low-P/C group, α-LA increased the transcript levels of genes encoding AMPK α, AMPK β, HK, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), G6PDH, and MDH, decreased the transcript level of the gene encoding ACC, and did not affect the transcript levels of genes encoding FABP10 and palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1). The P/C ratio and α-LA did not affect the overall morphology of the hepatopancreas, but at a low P/C, dietary supplementation of α-LA increased the number of hepatopancreatic B cells. In conclusion, supplementation with α-LA at 1300 mg/kg in a low-P/C diet of M. nipponense increased its carbohydrate utilization efficiency, energy metabolism, and the number of hepatopancreas B cells, thereby having a protein-sparing effect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Experimental Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein-Sparing Effect of α-Lipoic Acid in Diets with Different Protein/Carbohydrate Ratios for the Oriental River Prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense

Wang

Xiong

et al. 2023

Aquaculture Research

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“…α-Lipoic acid is a short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) derived from the fermentation of vegetables and meat and modulates the gut microbiota without reducing the microbial diversity (Tripathi et al 2022;Yadav et al 2022a, b). A recent study showed that α-lipoic acid and the SCFAs produced by Ruminococcaceae rejuvenated aged intestinal stem cells by preventing the age-associated endosome reduction (Du et al 2020;Xiong et al 2022). α-Lipoic acid takes part in crucial biological operations, together with the fixation and modulation of mitochondrial multi-enzyme complexes, oxidation of amino acids and carbohydrates, removal of ROS, and harmonization of energetic metabolism (Shay et al 2009;Schultz and Sinclair 2016).…”

Section: Effects On Gut Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Therapeutic Insights of Alpha-Lipoic Acid as a Potential Molecule for Disease Prevention

Tripathi

Ray

Mishra

et al. 2023

Rev. Bras. Farmacogn.

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Alpha-lipoic acid is an organic, sulfate-based compound produced by plants, humans, and animals. As a potent antioxidant and a natural dithiol compound, it performs a crucial role in mitochondrial bioenergetic reactions. A healthy human body, on the other hand, can synthesize enough α-lipoic acid to scavenge reactive oxygen species and increase endogenous antioxidants; however, the amount of α-lipoic acid inside the body decreases significantly with age, resulting in endothelial dysfunction. Molecular orbital energy and spin density analysis indicate that the sulfhydryl (-SH) group of molecules has the greatest electron donating activity, which would be responsible for the antioxidant potential and free radical scavenging activity. α-Lipoic acid acts as a chelating agent for metal ions, a quenching agent for reactive oxygen species, and a reducing agent for the oxidized form of glutathione and vitamins C and E. α-Lipoic acid enantiomers and its reduced form have antioxidant, cognitive, cardiovascular, detoxifying, anti-aging, dietary supplement, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. α-Lipoic acid has cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects on several cancers, including polycystic ovarian syndrome. It also has usefulness in the context of female and male infertility. Although α-lipoic acid has numerous clinical applications, the majority of them stem from its antioxidant properties; however, its bioavailability in its pure form is low (approximately 30%). However, nanoformulations have shown promise in this regard. The proton affinity and electron donating activity, as a redox-active agent, would be responsible for the antioxidant potential and free radical scavenging activity of the molecule. This review discusses the most recent clinical data on α-lipoic acid in the prevention, management, and treatment of a variety of diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019. Based on current evidence, the preclinical and clinical potential of this molecule is discussed. Graphical Abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43450-023-00370-1.

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“…Shrimp, one of the fastest-growing aquaculture species [ 14 ], refers to a wide variety of arthropod crustaceans. These include marine shrimp, such as Penaeus vannamei (PV) and Penaeus monodon (PM) [ 15 , 16 ], and freshwater shrimp, such as Exopalaemon modestus (EM) and Macrobrachium nipponense (MN) [ 17 , 18 ]. The market and nutritional values of shrimp [ 19 ] are high because they are rich in protein, FAAs, and minerals; low in fat; and appealing to the taste.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Detection and Analysis of Free Amino Acids and Glutathione in Different Shrimp

Jin

Yugan

et al. 2022

Foods

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An amino acid analyzer method for the simultaneous determination of 20 free amino acids (FAAs) and glutathione (GSH) in Penaeus vannamei (PV), Penaeus vannamei, Penaeus hidulis (PH) and Penaeus japonicus (PJ) were developed. The effects of different concentrations of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and ethanol on the extraction of free amino acids were investigated, and 120 g·L−1 TCA was found to be ideal. The target analytes were eluted in sodium citrate buffer B1 (pH = 3.3) containing 135 mL·L−1 ethanol and 1 mol·L−1 sodium hydroxide (7 mL) and at the optimizing conversion time of sodium citrate buffer B2 (pH = 3.2) and sodium citrate buffer B3 (pH = 4.0) of 5.6 min, and the effective separation was achieved within 29.5 min. The developed method showed good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9991) in the range of 1–250 µg·mL−1 with good intra-day and inter-day precision (relative standard deviations ≤ 2.38%) and spike recovery (86.42–103.64%). GSH and cysteine were used to identify marine prawn and freshwater shrimp. Hydroxyproline and serine were used to distinguish PV and Macrobrachium nipponense (MN) from others, respectively. The highest content of the total FAAs was found in PV, and principal component analysis revealed that PV had the highest comprehensive score for FAAs and GSH. Arginine was found to have the greatest influence on shrimp flavor.

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Dietary α-lipoic acid requirement and its effects on antioxidant status, carbohydrate metabolism, and intestinal microflora in oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan)

Cited by 14 publications

References 63 publications

Protein-Sparing Effect of α-Lipoic Acid in Diets with Different Protein/Carbohydrate Ratios for the Oriental River Prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense

Protein-Sparing Effect of α-Lipoic Acid in Diets with Different Protein/Carbohydrate Ratios for the Oriental River Prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense

Molecular and Therapeutic Insights of Alpha-Lipoic Acid as a Potential Molecule for Disease Prevention

Simultaneous Detection and Analysis of Free Amino Acids and Glutathione in Different Shrimp

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