Dietary α-lipoic acid supplementation lowers blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Vasdev, Sudesh; Ford, Carol A.; Parai, S; Longerich, L; Gadag, Veeresh

doi:10.1097/00004872-200018050-00009

Cited by 131 publications

(139 citation statements)

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“…3,7,27 Several animal studies introduced LA as a blood pressure regulator. [28][29][30][31][32] In a randomized clinical trial, Mazloom and Ansar 33 reported that systolic and diastolic blood pressure significantly improved following 8 weeks of 300 mg LA supplementation in type II diabetes patients. Noori et al 34 observed significant reduction in systolic blood pressure but no change in diastolic blood pressure after 12 weeks of combined administration of LA (800 mg) and pyridoxine (80 mg) in patients with diabetic nephropathy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in men with chronic spinal cord injury: a clinical trial

et al. 2015

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Study design: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Objective: To assess the effect of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation on IL-6, hs-CRP, FBS, anthropometric indices, food intake and blood pressure in male patients with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Setting: Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Methods: Fifty-eight men with chronic SCI participated in the study. Participants were divided in two groups: one group received 600 mg of supplemental ALA (n = 28) and the other group received placebo (n = 30) for 12 weeks. At the beginning and end of the study, biochemical parameters, anthropometric indices, blood pressure and dietary intakes were measured. Dietary intake was measured using N4 software, and statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS16. Results: No significant reduction was found in IL-6 (P = 0.97) and hs-CRP levels (P = 0.23). There was significant reduction in fasting blood sugar (P = 0.001), body weight (P = 0.001), BMI (P = 0.001), waist circumference (P = 0.001) and blood pressure (P = 0.001). Dietary intake was significantly reduced, including fat (P = 0.001), carbohydrate (P = 0.001), protein (P = 0.002) and energy intakes (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Lipoic acid supplementation had no significant effect on the measured inflammatory markers but it reduces fasting blood sugar, anthropometric parameters, food intake and blood pressure in men with chronic SCI. Spinal Cord (2015) 53, 621-624; doi:10.1038/sc.2015.35; published online 10 March 2015 INTRODUCTION Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) or thiocitic acid is an eight-carbon, sulfurcontaining compound. It functions as a cofactor in the multienzyme complexes that catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of α-keto acids. 1 There is general agreement about the antioxidant properties of ALA, which is thought to work by scavenging free radicals directly, chelating metallic ions, increasing intracellular glutathione and activating endogenous antioxidant systems. 2,3 ALA's antioxidant properties are thought to inhibit the deleterious mechanisms associated with inflammation; however, a number of studies suggest contradictory effects for ALA on inflammatory markers such as IL-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP). [4][5][6] Apart from the antioxidant properties of ALA, it is found to increase nitric oxide synthesis through which endothelial function is probably improved. 7 In addition, ALA reduces body weight and changes other anthropometric indices by suppressing appetite and increasing metabolism. [8][9][10][11][12] Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition and entails considerable burden on the individual and society. 13,14 Persons with chronic SCI are at increased risk for obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and systemic inflammation [15][16][17][18][19] because of changes in their lifestyle, body composition and fat mass. 20 However, these complications may be preventable and treatable. 21 Studying the effect of ALA on cardiovascular risk factors and ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in men with chronic spinal cord injury: a clinical trial

et al. 2015

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“…14,15 The treatment with the thiol compound, ␣-lipoic acid (LA) was reported to lower blood pressure in SHR. 16 LA, which is a potent antioxidant (with a redox potential E 0 ϩ of Ϫ290 mV compared with vitamin E, which has a redox potential E 0 ϩ of ϩ370 mV), exists endogenously in tissues and acts as a cofactor of key mitochondrial enzymes, controlling glucose oxidation, such as the pyruvate dehydrogenase and the ␣-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. 17 In type 2 diabetics, LA treatment was found to increase insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism.…”

Section: Iabetes Is Recognized As An Important Cardiovascular Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Hypertension, Insulin Resistance, and Oxidative Stress by α-Lipoic Acid

2002

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Abstract-The aim of the present study was to investigate whether a dietary supplementation of ␣-lipoic acid could prevent blood pressure elevation, insulin resistance, and the increase in aorta superoxide anion production in a new experimental model of hypertension associated with insulin resistance. Sprague-Dawley rats were given 10% D-glucose in their drinking water combined either with a normal chow diet or with an ␣-lipoic acid-supplemented diet and were compared with control rats during 3 weeks. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the aortic superoxide anion production using the lucigenin chemiluminescence method. Increases in blood pressure, insulin resistance, and aorta superoxide production observed in glucose-fed rats were prevented by the supplementation of the diet with lipoic acid. Positive correlations were found between aortic superoxide production and blood pressure, between insulin resistance and blood pressure, or between superoxide production and insulin resistance. Moreover, a decrease in the activity of plasma glutathione peroxidase observed in the glucose-fed rats was prevented by lipoic acid treatment. These findings demonstrate that high-glucose feeding rapidly induced hypertension and insulin resistance in association with the induction of a vascular oxidative stress. The antihypertensive action and the prevention of insulin resistance by lipoic acid appears to be associated to its antioxidative properties because it prevented the increase in oxidative stress, as reflected by the normalization of superoxide anion production in aorta and the prevention of the fall in the activity of glutathione peroxidase in the glucose-fed rats. (Hypertension. 2002;39:303-307.)

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Section: An Alternative Hypothesis: the Loss Of Ascorbate And Rise Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous animal models have shown a key role for oxidative stress (present in the circulation, blood vessels, and kidney) in mediating hypertension [ 56 ]. Ascorbate administration also lowers blood pressure in many hypertensive animal models [58][59][60].Epidemiologic studies have confirmed a strong inverse relationship between serum ascorbate levels and blood pressure [61][62][63]. Plasma levels of ascorbate are lower in hypertensive subjects (mean 40 umol/L) compared to normotensive controls (mean 57 umol/L) [ 64 ].…”

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The planetary biology of ascorbate and uric acid and their relationship with the epidemic of obesity and cardiovascular disease

et al. 2008

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Humans have relatively low plasma ascorbate levels and high serum uric acid levels compared to most mammals due to the presence of genetic mutations in L-gulonolactone oxidase and uricase, respectively. We review the major hypotheses for why these mutations may have occurred. In particular, we suggest that both mutations may have provided a survival advantage to early primates by helping maintain blood pressure during periods of dietary change and environmental stress. We further propose that these mutations have the inadvertent disadvantage of increasing our risk for hypertension and cardiovascular disease in today's society characterized by Western diet and increasing physical inactivity. Finally, we suggest that a "planetary biology" approach in which genetic changes are analyzed in relation to their biologic action and historical context may provide the ideal approach towards understanding the biology of the past, present and future.The reductionist paradigm for human biology has, over the past century, been remarkably successful. It has, in one sense, reached its apotheosis through the complete sequencing of the human genome [ 1 ]. This, together with analyses of the transcriptome, the metabolome, and their higher organization has provided a "parts list" for a living organism.As these parts lists have become more complete, it has become increasingly clear that they do not provide anything approaching an understanding of human biology [ 2 ]. Additional approaches are needed if that understanding is to emerge and, with it, the opportunity to manipulate the biological parts to manage, treat, and cure human disease.One approach is to exploit the axiom that a system can be fully understood only if we understand both its structure and its history. This is certainly true for the terrestrial living systems, which are the products of four billion years of random variation and natural selection, all constrained by physical and chemical law. Without understanding this history, we are no more likely to © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Send correspondence to: Richard J Johnson MD FACP, J. Robert Cade Professor of Nephrology, Chief of Nephrology, Hypertension and Transplantation, University of Florida, Room CG98, PO Box 100224, 1600 SW Archer Rd, Gainesville FL 32610-0224, phone 352-392-4007, Fax 352-392-5465, email E-mail: johnsrj@medicine.ufl.edu. Disclaimers: Dr Johnson is listed as an inventor on several patent applications related to lowering of uric acid in cardiovascular disease and also is author on a book on fructose that will be published in 2008 by Rodale press. Dr. Benner and Dr. Gaucher are listed as inventors on several patent applications to apply evolutionary analysis to understand protein evolution.Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is...

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Dietary α-lipoic acid supplementation lowers blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Abstract: Dietary alpha-lipoic acid supplementation in SHRs lowered the systolic blood pressure, cytosolic [Ca2+]i, blood glucose and insulin levels, and tissue aldehyde conjugates, and attenuated adverse renal vascular changes.

Cited by 131 publications

References 38 publications

The effect of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in men with chronic spinal cord injury: a clinical trial

The effect of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in men with chronic spinal cord injury: a clinical trial

Prevention of Hypertension, Insulin Resistance, and Oxidative Stress by α-Lipoic Acid

The planetary biology of ascorbate and uric acid and their relationship with the epidemic of obesity and cardiovascular disease

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