Dieting and body image in aesthetic sports: A comparison of Dutch female gymnasts and non-aesthetic sport participants

Bruin, A.P. de; Oudejans, Raôul R. D.; Bakker, Frank C.

doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2006.10.002

Cited by 142 publications

(206 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The fact that non-elite athletes practice an aesthetic sport may lead to the development of a body closer to the social ideal, making these athletes less likely to be victims of critical comments. In contrast, the similar level of pressure for thinness felt by elite athletes and controls may be because, although they have a lower BMI than controls, these athletes (especially females) are targets of additional pressure in the context of their sport to present a thin body image appropriate to the sport [17] in addition to the pressures to which most adolescents are already subject.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Individual and relational risk factors for the development of eating disorders in adolescent aesthetic athletes and general adolescents

2013

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This study compared potential risk and protective factors, levels of disordered eating (DE), and their relationship among young aesthetic athletes (elite and nonelite) and controls (N = 725; 62.5 % females; mean age = 15.3, SD = 2.1). The participants completed selfreport measures (McKnight Risk Factor Survey-IV, Contour Drawing Rating Scale and Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire). Female elite athletes showed a greater risk of developing eating disorders than non-elite athletes and controls, with no difference between the three groups of males. Multiple group analyses revealed important differences in DE predictors. Although social pressure is the strongest DE predictor in non-elite athletes and controls, in elite athletes, the strongest DE predictor is body image dissatisfaction. Parental influences, rather than self-esteem, are predictors of DE in elite athletes, unlike the other two groups. These results show that the risk and protective factors involved in the development of DE are not universally valid. The results highlight the importance of studying specific characteristics associated with DE in aesthetic athletes. Some implications for ED risk assessment and prevention are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, other studies report the absence of this correlation. For example, athletes showed higher levels of ED than non-athletes but similar incidences of body dissatisfaction (e.g., [17]). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual and relational risk factors for the development of eating disorders in adolescent aesthetic athletes and general adolescents

2013

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“…Talvez as atletas criem hábitos alimentares considerados patológicos como vômitos autoinduzidos, restrição alimentar, uso de laxativos e diuréticos almejando otimizar o desempenho esportivo 5,10 , pois elas costumam associar a magreza ao rendimento atlé-tico 17 . Nesse sentido, De Bruin et al 11 ressaltam que esportistas do sexo feminino, quando almejam maximizar seu rendimento competitivo, geralmente direcionam suas atitudes para a perda de peso corporal. Sendo assim, meninas atletas podem pressupor que o segredo para melhorar o pico de desempenho esportivo seja atingir morfologia corporal com baixo percentual de gordura.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…É comum identificar em pacientes com TA a utilização de medicamentos (laxantes e diuréticos) para emagrecimento, autoindução de vômi-tos, prática extenuante de exercício físico e restrição alimentar 3 . No entanto, muitos indivíduos sem diagnóstico clínico de TA podem apresentar tais comportamentos, podendo ser considerados com riscos para o desenvolvimento dessas sín-dromes [4][5][6] , como é o caso dos atletas [7][8][9] , principalmente os do sexo feminino 10,11 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Influência de fatores afetivos, antropométricos e sociodemográficos sobre o comportamento alimentar em jovens atletas

Fortes

Oliveira

Ferreira

2012

J. bras. psiquiatr.

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(EAT-26). The body dissatisfaction and psychological commitment to exercise were assessed by the Body Shape Questionnaire and Commitment Exercise Scale, respectively. The economic level was obtained by the "Classification Criteria Economic Brazil". Body weight and height to calculate the index of mass (BMI) and skinfold thickness to estimate the percentage of fat. We carried out multiple linear regression using the SPSS 17.0 software and adopting a significance level of 5%. Result: The body dissatisfaction, followed by the percentage of fat were the only variables that modulate the EAT-26 scores. However, the multiple linear regression model explained 1/3 of the variance of these IEB sportsmen.

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“…A imagem corporal pode ser definida como a figura mental que temos acerca de nosso corpo e os sentimentos que possuímos sobre ele 1 . A insatisfação corporal é um componente afetivo da imagem corporal que envolve aspectos como satisfação com a aparên-cia e o nível de preocupação e ansiedade associado a ela 7 . A relação entre insatisfação corporal, desempenho físico e controle de peso torna os atletas vulneráveis à instalação de comportamentos alimentares inadequados que podem estar associados ao desenvolvimento de transtornos alimentares (TAs).…”

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Insatisfação corporal e comportamento alimentar inadequado em jovens nadadores segundo níveis econômicos e competitivos

Fortes¹,

Paes²,

Amaral³

et al. 2012

J. bras. psiquiatr.

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RESUMOObjetivo: Comparar a insatisfação corporal e o comportamento alimentar entre atletas adolescentes de diferentes níveis econômicos e competitivos. Métodos: Participaram da pesquisa 64 atletas com idade média de 13,64 (± 2,57), sendo 22 do sexo feminino e 42 do masculino. Utilizaram-se o Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) e o Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) para avaliar insatisfação corporal e comportamento alimentar, respectivamente. A classificação econômica foi obtida mediante aplicação do Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil (ABEP). Aplicou-se questionário qualitativo para avaliar dados demográficos como idade, sexo e nível competitivo. Resultados: Não se identificaram diferenças de insatisfação nem de comportamento alimentar entre os níveis econômicos e competitivos. Além disso, os níveis econômicos e competitivos somente modularam a variância do comportamento alimentar (p < 0,05). Conclusão: Os resultados do presente estudo permitem concluir que tanto a insatisfação corporal quanto o comportamento alimentar foram semelhantes entre diferentes níveis econômicos e competitivos em nadadores. ABSTRACTObjective: Compare the eating behavior and body dissatisfaction among adolescent athle tes from different economic and competitive levels. Methods: Sixty-four athletes participated in the study with mean age of 13.64 (± 2.57), 22 female and 42 male. We used the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) to assess body dissatisfaction and eating behavior, respectively. The economic classification was obtained by applying the "Brazil Economic Classification Criteria" (ABEP). Qualitative questionnaire was used to evaluate demographic data such as age, gender and competitive level. Results: No differences were identified for dissatisfaction or eating behavior between the economic and competitive levels. In addition, economic and competitive levels only modulated the variance of the eating behavior (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study allow us to conclude that both body dissatisfaction, and eating behavior were similar between different economic and competitive levels of swimmers.

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Dieting and body image in aesthetic sports: A comparison of Dutch female gymnasts and non-aesthetic sport participants

Cited by 142 publications

References 23 publications

Individual and relational risk factors for the development of eating disorders in adolescent aesthetic athletes and general adolescents

Individual and relational risk factors for the development of eating disorders in adolescent aesthetic athletes and general adolescents

Influência de fatores afetivos, antropométricos e sociodemográficos sobre o comportamento alimentar em jovens atletas

Insatisfação corporal e comportamento alimentar inadequado em jovens nadadores segundo níveis econômicos e competitivos

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