Diets and Dietary Segregation of Crested Penguins (Eudyptes)

Cooper, Jim; Brown, Christopher R.; Gales, Rosemary; Hindell, Mark A.; Klages, N. T. W.; Moors, P. J.; Pemberton, David; Ridoux, Vincent; Thompson, K. R.; Heezik, Yolanda M. van

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-057106-5.50013-9

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, there is evidence that squid is of greater importance in the diet of rockhopper penguins in the Falkland Islands than elsewhere (Croxall et al, 1984;Cooper et al, 1990). The results from the FISMP confirm these findings, as crustaceans formed the main bulk of the diet, with squid and fish contributing in varying degrees depending on locality.…”

Section: General Diet Compositionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Recent trends in diet composition and productivity of gentoo, magellanic and rockhopper penguins in the Falkland Islands

Clausen

Pütz

2002

Aquatic Conservation

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ABSTRACT1. Over the past 14 years, data on diet composition and productivity of gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua), magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) and rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes c.chrysocome) breeding in the Falkland Islands have been compiled as part of the Falkland Island Seabird Monitoring Programme. This paper comprises a summary of the data obtained so far, in particular concentrating on inter-annual and interspecific variation in productivity and general diet composition.2. Productivity of all three penguin species has improved or remained stable over the last few years. The highest average productivity of 0.95 (ranging from 0.41 to 1.51) chicks fledged per breeding pair was observed in gentoo penguins. Productivity of rockhopper penguins during the same period was on average 0.80 (ranging from 0.63 to 0.91), and the lowest productivity of 0.78 (ranging from 0.19 to 1.49) was observed in magellanic penguins.3. During the breeding season, all three penguin species preyed opportunistically on a mixture of fish, squid and crustaceans, with the general diet composition showing a high degree of spatial and temporal variation. The diet of all three penguin species overlapped with the commercial fishery for Patagonian squid Loligo gahi. There may also be some competition for Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides), hake (Merluccius sp.) and southern blue whiting (Micromesistius australis), because the juveniles of these commercially exploited species were regularly found in the penguin diet.

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Section: General Diet Compositionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Recent trends in diet composition and productivity of gentoo, magellanic and rockhopper penguins in the Falkland Islands

Clausen

Pütz

2002

Aquatic Conservation

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“…The population continued to decline at a slower rate 1984-1996, but grew 1996-2012 (K.W.M, unpublished data). Contrary to the hypothesis of a fish-based diet being of higher quality, adult and chick stomach contents during chick rearing in 1985-1986 and 1986-1987 found a higher proportion of fish relative to other, more stable populations (Cooper et al 1990;Marchant and Higgins 1990). Cunningham and Moors (1994) suggested the population decline on Campbell Island was being caused by a climate-driven reliance on fish, as opposed to the zooplankton-dominated diet documented elsewhere (Cooper et al 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Contrary to the hypothesis of a fish-based diet being of higher quality, adult and chick stomach contents during chick rearing in 1985-1986 and 1986-1987 found a higher proportion of fish relative to other, more stable populations (Cooper et al 1990;Marchant and Higgins 1990). Cunningham and Moors (1994) suggested the population decline on Campbell Island was being caused by a climate-driven reliance on fish, as opposed to the zooplankton-dominated diet documented elsewhere (Cooper et al 1990). These contradictory interpretations of what constitutes a high-quality diet for rockhopper penguins indicate that additional studies of diet quality are urgently required at Campbell Island and other key breeding sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Higher trophic level prey does not represent a higher quality diet in a threatened seabird: implications for relating population dynamics to diet shifts inferred from stable isotopes

2014

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“…All models and residuals were fit using SPSS PC+ Hiloglinear (Norusis 1986). Finally, we used Spearman rank correlations (Conover 1980) to compare diet composition to (1) predator size and (2) the proportion of Klages (1989), 30ffredo & Ridoux (1986. • Ridoux & Offredo (1989).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does prey preference affect habitat choice in Antarctic seabirds?

Ainley¹,

Ribic²,

Fraser³

1992

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

117

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Diet composition of the members of 2 seabird species assemblages in the Scotia-Weddell Confluence region, Antarctica, was investigated during 3 seasons/years: spring 1983, autumn 1986, and winter 1988. One assemblage frequented the pack ice and the other was present in adjacent open waters; most members of the latter species assemblage vacated the Antarctic during winter. We sought answers to 2 questions: (1) Did the 2 species assemblages depend on food webs that differed substantially; and (2) Was there a trophic basis to explain why the pack-ice assemblage did not expand into the open water left vacant by the other during winter? To test an a priori hypothesis that diet was affected by habitat, diet samples were obtained from birds encountered in 3 habitats: open water, sparse concentrations of ice, and heavy ice cover. Cluster analysis showed broad overlap in seabird diet regardless of species, habitat (ice/water mass) or year. Seabirds exploited prey largely according to ranked availability, although they appeared to choose the larger fish and crustaceans over smaller crustaceans. Myctophids in particular, but also krill and squid, were the main prey groups. Diets did not separate on the basis of predator/prey size to any appreciable degree even though a lOOO-fold difference in predator size existed. Feeding success, as indicated by fullness of stomach, of the members of the 2 species assemblages was highest when in their respective usual habitats. We conclude that open-water seabirds lack the specialized foraging behaviors required to exploit the pack-ice environment and that open waters during the winter offer much poorer feeding conditions than those of the pack ice.

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Diets and Dietary Segregation of Crested Penguins (Eudyptes)

Cited by 31 publications

References 19 publications

Recent trends in diet composition and productivity of gentoo, magellanic and rockhopper penguins in the Falkland Islands

Recent trends in diet composition and productivity of gentoo, magellanic and rockhopper penguins in the Falkland Islands

Higher trophic level prey does not represent a higher quality diet in a threatened seabird: implications for relating population dynamics to diet shifts inferred from stable isotopes

Does prey preference affect habitat choice in Antarctic seabirds?

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