Diets and feeding of Fulmars <i>Fulmarus glacialis</i> during the breeding season:a comparison between St Kilda and Shetland colonies

Furness, Robert W.; Todd, Christine M.

doi:10.1111/j.1474-919x.1984.tb00259.x

Cited by 65 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Animals rafting on floating objects are exposed to high predatory pressure from the atmosphere (i.e. sea birds) (Furness & Todd 1984, Kirkman & Kendrick 1997, predators in the water below them (e.g. fish) (Dooley 1972, Shaffer et al 1995 and from co-occurring predators on the raft (Edgar 1987, Sano et al 2003.…”

Section: Adaptive Responses To Food Limitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential life history responses of two Idotea species (Crustacea: Isopoda) to food limitation

Gutow¹,

Leidenberger²,

Boos³

et al. 2007

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Section: Adaptive Responses To Food Limitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential life history responses of two Idotea species (Crustacea: Isopoda) to food limitation

Gutow¹,

Leidenberger²,

Boos³

et al. 2007

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…In contrast to larids, larger Procellariiformes generally make longer foraging trips than smaller ones, both temporally and spatially (Furness & Todd 1984, Pennycuick et al 1984, Brooke 1990, Montevecchi et d. 1992, Weimerskirch et al 1993, Spear et nl. 1995, as do larger alcids (Gaston & Nettleship 1981, Schneider & Hunt 1984, Cairns et al 1987, Gabrielson et al 1991.…”

Section: Wing Morphology In Relation To Reproductive Strategies and Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flight behaviour of seabirds in relation to wind direction and wing morphology

Spear

Ainley

1997

Ibis

148

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We studied flight direction relative to wind direction (hereafter referred to as “flight direction”), the relation between wing morphology and flight behaviour and interspecies relationships in flight behaviour among all major seabird taxa. We calculated wing loading and aspect ratios for 98 species from 1029 specimens. Species were sorted into 13 groups on the basis of similarity in patterns of flight direction. The primary flight direction of Pelecaniformes and Charadriiformes was into and across headwinds. The most common flight direction of Procellariiformes was across wind. Seabirds avoided flying with tailwinds. Wing loading and aspect ratios were positively correlated in Procellariiformes, Pelecaniformes and alcids but negatively correlated in larids. In Procellariiformes, incidence of headwind flight and that of tailwind flight were significantly correlated with wing loading and aspect ratio; species with higher wing loading and aspect ratios flew more often into headwinds and less often with tailwinds. In contrast, the proportion of Pelecaniformes and Charadriiformes flying with tailwinds increased significantly with increased wing loading. Our results demonstrate a close link in seabirds between flight behaviour, wing morphology and natural history patterns in terms of distribution, colony location, dispersal and foraging behaviour.

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“…Chicks attain maximum weights of approximately 140% of adult weight at about 37 days posthatching (Mougin 1967). Furness and Todd (1984) recorded that the avcrage durations of foraging trips made by adult Fulmars at Foula. Shetland, and St Kilda, Outer Hebrides, were c. 6 h and c. 29 h. respectively, although the sizes of meals delivered to chicks were not recorded.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Provisioning and growth rates of nestling Fulmars Fulmarus glacialis: stochastic variation or regulation?

Hamer

Thompson

1997

Ibis

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The pattern of chick feeding in the Fulmar Fulmarus glacialis at St Kilda, Scotland, was examined by repeated weighing of chicks throughout 14 consecutive days during the first half of the chick-rearing period in 1994. After correcting for metabolic weight losses, the sizes of positive mass increments between weighings were used to assess meal sizes and feeding frequency for each chick. Individual meals fed to chicks averaged 80.8 g (s.d. t 21.0 g), or approximately 10% of adult mass. Each chick received 0 to 4 meals per day, with an average of 1.9 meals per chick per day, giving an average interval of around 2 5 h between meals delivered by each parent. The distribution of time intervals between feeds for each chick (whether single or double meals) followed a negative exponential function with a maximum value of 80 h. These results are not compatible with the idea that the purpose of large fat deposits in procellariiform chicks is to guarantee survival over long intervals between feeds. Over 14 days, the chicks' mean daily food requirements for zerogrowth increased from 9 8 g to 160 g. This corresponded with a n increase in feeding frequency but not meal size. Chicks with lower scores for body condition after feeding by both parents received more meals during the subsequent 16 h and had shorter intervals to the next feed, indicating that adults regulated feeding frequency in accordance with chick condition at the previous feed. This does not agree with the hypothesis that lipid accumulation by nestling Procellariiformes is a response to stochastic variation in food delivery associated with an absence of regulation. In view of the diversity of growth and feeding patterns present among the Procellariiformes, it is possible that lipid accumulation in this group does not have a unitary explanation.

show abstract

Diets and feeding of Fulmars Fulmarus glacialis during the breeding season:a comparison between St Kilda and Shetland colonies

Cited by 65 publications

References 12 publications

Differential life history responses of two Idotea species (Crustacea: Isopoda) to food limitation

Differential life history responses of two Idotea species (Crustacea: Isopoda) to food limitation

Flight behaviour of seabirds in relation to wind direction and wing morphology

Provisioning and growth rates of nestling Fulmars Fulmarus glacialis: stochastic variation or regulation?

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