Diets of Land Birds from Northeastern Venezuela

Poulin, Brigitte; Lefebvre, Gaétan; McNeil, Raymond

doi:10.2307/1369320

Cited by 81 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The same is true for the study of POULIN et al (1994a), with the exception that they found fruits in 2% of the 114 regurgitated food samples from F. grisea. The same authors, in a subsequent work comparing food categories between species and different types of vegetation, did not find any fruits in samples (n = 96) regurgitated from F. grisea (POULIN et al 1994b) and concluded that fruit had been occasionally consumed. For F. littoralis, in terms of plant consumption, only one stool sample from an F.littoralis female had a small piece of leaf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…These items can be difficult to identify and may require the use of specialized bibliography and assistance from specialists (entomologists). The third method, stomach content analysis, is considered the best method because fragment identification is easier, given that they are less digested than in stool samples (POULIN et al 1994b, MALLET-RODRIGUES et al ZOOLOGIA 30 (6): 601-606, December, 2013. Nonetheless, this method may accidentally kill the subjects, and the risks of dying are high for some species (ZACH & FALLS 1976, ROSENBERG & COOPER 1990.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Gender-related diet composition and morphometry of the Restinga Antwren, Formicivora littoralis (Aves: Thamnophilidae)

Chaves¹,

Alves²

2013

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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ABSTRACT. Formicivora littoralis (Gonzaga and Pacheco, 1990), the Restinga Antwren, considered the only endemic bird species of the Restinga ecosystem (sandy plain coastal vegetation), is threatened with extinction. The scientific literature provides little information on the biology of this bird, which was discovered in 1990. We evaluate gender-related differences in the composition of the diet and morphometric measurements of this species. We tested the hypothesis that the sexes differ in what they eat and in morphometric characters. Our results revealed that the diet of the Restinga Antwren includes mainly arthropods, which is consistent with the diets of other Thamnophilidae. The lack of differences in the composition of the diet between the sexes does not support the hypothesis that habitat partitioning to avoid intraspecific competition is taking place. We found significant differences in six morphometric measurements, two in the beak and four in body size. It is possible that intraspecific differences between the sexes are a result of sexual selection, a hypothesis that needs to be tested.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-related diet composition and morphometry of the Restinga Antwren, Formicivora littoralis (Aves: Thamnophilidae)

Chaves¹,

Alves²

2013

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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“…18,19,20 Mangrove forests have some food sources that differ from those found in adjacent terrestrial forests. 21,22 Three species of mangrove-restricted birds forage mainly on crabs, 23,24 which are not as abundant in nontidal habitat. However, passerines endemic to mangroves do not exhibit as extreme a shift in diet from that of their nontidal relatives as salt-marsh sparrows do from the diet of their nontidal counterparts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mangrove endemic birds have very wide foraging-niche breadth. 23,21 In general, mangrove birds are not restricted to specific foraging techniques or a particular stratum of the forest, 15,16,23 and instead have wide foraging niches presumably as a response to the dynamic nature of mangrove environments; mangroves flood twice daily from high tides, which can dramatically change the food availability on and close to the ground. Additionally, depauperate species richness reduces interspecific competition and can lead to an increase in foraging-niche width.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Island Syndrome in Coastal Wetland Ecosystems: Convergent Evolution of Large Bills in Mangrove Passerines

Luther

Greenberg

2011

The Auk

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Resumen.-Las aves paserinas que viven en islas tienden a tener picos más grandes que sus parientes continentales. Los cambios morfológicos podrían estar relacionados con la reducción de la competencia intra e interespecífica. Los gorriones emberízidos que habitan marismas de Norteamérica también presentan picos de tamaños consistentemente mayores. Pusimos a prueba la hipótesis de que los paserinos restringidos a bosques de manglares, otro sistema continental con baja diversidad de especies y con altas densidades, también tienen picos más grandes que los de sus parientes más cercanos no asociados con sistemas intermareales. Encontramos un patrón pantropical consistente de picos más largos y profundos en aves paserinas restringidas a manglares. Estos resultados indican lo que parece ser una regla ecológica general: las aves paserinas restringidas a hábitats costeros salinos presentan picos desproporcionadamente más largos en relación con su tamaño corporal, tal como se ha encontrado en islas. El patrón similar en la morfología del pico sugiere que los procesos ecológicos y evolutivos que se pensaba que ocurrían sólo en sistemas insulares pueden ocurrir también en algunos sistemas continentales.-201 - Abstract.-Passerine birds on islands tend to have larger bills than their mainland relatives. The morphological shift may be related to reduced interspecific and increased intraspecific competition. Emberizid sparrows in North American salt marshes also show consistently greater bill size. We tested the hypothesis that passerines restricted to mangrove forests, another continental system with low species diversity and high population densities, also have larger bills than their closest nontidal relatives. We found a consistent pantropical pattern of longer and deeper bills in passerine birds restricted to mangroves. These results indicate that disproportionately longer bills in relation to body size in passerines restricted to coastal saline habitats, just like those found on islands, seems to be a general ecological rule. The similar pattern in bill morphology suggests that ecological and evolutionary processes thought to occur only in island systems might also occur in some continental systems.

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“…Merece destaque a ausência de formigas na dieta de P. superciliaris, insetos que constam como um dos principais itens alimentares de muitas espécies de Tyrannidae (POULIN et al, 1994;LOPES et al, 2005). Uma explicação simples para tal ausência seria o fato da canga couraçada apresentar uma notável escassez de formigas quando comparada à canga nodular adjacente (LOPES et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Comportamento de forrageamento e dieta de Polystictus superciliaris (Aves, Tyrannidae) no sudeste do Brasil

Hoffmann

Vasconcelos

Lopes

et al. 2007

Iheringia, Sér. Zool.

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ABSTRACT. Foraging behavior and diet of Polystictus superciliaris (Aves, Tyrannidae) in southeastern Brazil. The present article describes the foraging behavior and diet of Polystictus superciliaris (Wied, 1831), a poorly known species restricted to eastern Brazilian mountains. The work was carried out from April to December 2005 in the Serra do Rola Moça State Park, Nova Lima, Minas Gerais (20°03'S, 44°00'W). For each foraging bout we recorded the attack behavior, attack direction, substrate, height of foraging substrate, and habitat type where the attack occurred. The species diet was determined through direct field observations and by analyzing the stomach contents of 16 individuals. Polystictus superciliaris uses mainly "canga couraçada" (93.3%), and leaves (69.1%) of the most abundant plants of the area as substrate for the capture of preys. The species is generalist in relation to attack behavior. Analysis of stomach contents revealed the exclusive presence of arthropods. Field observations confirmed the exclusive insectivory of P. superciliaris, which was not observed consuming fruits or other vegetable matter.KEYWORDS. Espinhaço Range, foraging behavior, stomach contents, diet, canga. RESUMO.O presente artigo descreve o comportamento de forrageamento e a dieta de Polystictus superciliaris (Wied, 1831), espécie pouco conhecida e de distribuição geográfica restrita às montanhas do leste do Brasil. Este trabalho foi realizado entre abril e dezembro de 2005 no Parque Estadual da Serra do Rola Moça, município de Nova Lima, Minas Gerais (20°03'S, 44°00'W). Para cada observação de forrageamento foram registrados os comportamentos de ataque, a direção e o substrato do ataque, a altura do substrato de forrageamento e a fitofisionomia onde o ataque ocorreu. Para a determinação da dieta da espécie foram feitas observações diretas de campo, sendo também analisado o conteúdo estomacal de 16 indivíduos. Polystictus superciliaris usa preferencialmente a canga couraçada (93,3%), tendo como substrato principal as folhas (69,1%) das plantas mais abundantes na área. A espécie é generalista quanto ao comportamento de ataque. A análise de conteúdos estomacais revelou a presença exclusiva de artrópodes. As observações confirmaram o caráter insetívoro de P. superciliaris, que não foi observado consumindo frutos ou outro material de origem vegetal. PALAVRAS-CHAVE.Cadeia do Espinhaço, comportamento de forrageamento, conteúdo estomacal, dieta, canga.

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Diets of Land Birds from Northeastern Venezuela

Cited by 81 publications

References 27 publications

Gender-related diet composition and morphometry of the Restinga Antwren, Formicivora littoralis (Aves: Thamnophilidae)

Gender-related diet composition and morphometry of the Restinga Antwren, Formicivora littoralis (Aves: Thamnophilidae)

The Island Syndrome in Coastal Wetland Ecosystems: Convergent Evolution of Large Bills in Mangrove Passerines

Comportamento de forrageamento e dieta de Polystictus superciliaris (Aves, Tyrannidae) no sudeste do Brasil

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