Difference in the Sex Ratio of the Pine Bark Weevil Parasite, Dolichomitus sp. (Hymenoptera : Ichneumonidae), Emerging from Different Host Species

Kishi, Yoichi

doi:10.1303/aez.5.126

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A widespread observation in the parasitoid literature is that females emerge from larger, better quality hosts, and males from smaller, lower quality hosts (Kishi 1970;Charnov et al 1981;Werren 1983). Charnov (1979) argued this will occur if female fitness increases more rapidly per unit of host resource than male fitness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progeny and Sex Allocation Decisions of the Polyembryonic Wasp Copidosoma floridanum

Ode¹,

Strand²

1995

The Journal of Animal Ecology

116

137

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. British Ecological Society is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of Animal Ecology. Summary 1. The reproductive biology of the polyembryonic encyrtid wasp Copidosomafloridanum was examined in a series of laboratory experiments and related to observations from field collections. Females laid one or two eggs per host, producing broods comprised of all males, all females, or both sexes (mixed). Each egg produced multiple embryos that developed into either precocious larvae that never became adult or reproductive larvae that developed into reproductive adults. 2. The age of the host-egg when it was parasitized was found to have a substantial effect on offspring clutch sizes and sex ratios. (i) The clutch sizes and overall survivorship of female and mixed broods decreased with increasing host-egg age, whereas male clutch sizes and survivorship were relatively unaffected by host-egg age. (ii) Offspring sex ratios (proportion males) of mixed broods were higher in older hosteggs. (iii) Body sizes of males and females were negatively correlated with clutch size. Larger females had higher fecundities and larger males had greater mating abilities. 3. Host-egg age also affected competitive asymmetries between males and females. In young host-eggs, female precocious larvae were much more abundant than males and were instrumental in reducing the number of males in mixed broods. In older host-eggs, the numbers of male and female precocious larvae were much lower, and were approximately equal. As a result, sex ratios of mixed broods in older host eggs were closer to equality. 4. Ovipositing females responded to host-egg age and host encounter rates when making oviposition decisions. Females laid more female eggs in younger hosts and more mixed broods in older hosts. Females laid more mixed broods when encounter rates were low and more female broods when encounter rates were high.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progeny and Sex Allocation Decisions of the Polyembryonic Wasp Copidosoma floridanum

Ode¹,

Strand²

1995

The Journal of Animal Ecology

116

137

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“…The second generalized pathway seems to have been developed in a similar way, but in this case it has involved the exploitation of progressively more exposed cocooned hosts. For example, in the ichneumonid subfamily Pimplinae, some species of Dolichomitus are known to attack coleopterous wood borers (Kishi, 1970), whilst a number of species of the closely related genus, Liotryphon, are known to attack cocooned Lepidoptera concealed in crevices in bark (Fitton, Shaw & Gauld, 1988). Species in genera related to Liotryphon, such as Sericopimpla, Iseropus and Gregopimpla, attack lepidopterans in more or less exposed cocoons (Smithers, 1956;Shiga & Nakanishi, 1968;Adolfsson, 1984).…”

Section: An Association With Cocoons and Cocoon-like Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary patterns of host utilization by ichneumonoid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae and Braconidae)*

Gauld

1988

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

161

147

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The four major biological strategies of ichneumonoid parasitoids, koinobiont and idiohiont, ecto-and endoparasitism, are discussed and the evolutionary radiations of the two families Ichneumonidae and Braconidae compared in an attempt to relate differences in patterns of host utilization to differences in evolutionary history. The most primitive members of both families are idiobiont ectoparasitoids of hosts concealed in plant tissue. Idiobiont ectoparasitic braconids are all still primarily associated with such hosts, hut idiobiont ectoparasitic ichneumonids have radiated to attack hosts in other situations, such as in aculeate nests or in cocoons. A shift in emphasis between the behavioural steps, host habitat location and host location, is envisaged as being important in such evolutionary change. Idiohiont endoparasitism is postulated as having arisen amongst ectoparasitoids attacking cocooned hosts, as an adaptation that allows them to exploit pupae and puparia in relatively exposed positions; it is a fairly common strategy in the Ichneumonidae, but virtually unknown in the Braconidae. Koinobiosis is perceived as having evolved in association with hosts which feed in a relatively weakly concealed position, hut pupate in a more secluded and safe location. The strategy is advantageous as it allows a parasitoid to oviposit on an easily discoverable host, but to use the host's pupation concealment to complete its own development. The evolution of koinobiosis has allowed parasitoids to exploit hosts that feed in exposed positions, and to attack hosts at a younger and numerically more common stage in the host's life cycle. Koinohiont ectoparasitism is envisaged, in some braconid and ichneumonid groups, to occupy an evolutionary transitional position between idiobiosis and endoparasitic koinohiosis; only in the Ichneumonidae have large radiations of koinohiont ectoparasitoids occurred. Endoparasitic koinobiosis is hypothesized as having arisen in the Braconidae in association with lepidopterous/coleopterous hosts, whilst in the major lineage of endoparasitic koinobiont ichneumonids, this habit is hypothesized as having arisen in association with symphytan hosts. The great majority of braconids are koinobiont endoparasitoids, but only about 50% of the Ichneumonidae have this habit. Very few koinohiont braconids develop as endoparasitoids of hymenopterous hosts, although many endoparasitic ichneumonids attack Hymenoptera. However, lineages of the Braconidae have radiated to exploit adult insects and exoptrrygote nymphs; ichneumonids do not utilize such hosts.

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“…esta diferencia pudiera relacionarse con el tamaño del huésped facticio que es más apropiado para el desarrollo del macho. algunas avispas parasíticas depositan huevos que producirán machos en huéspedes pequeños y viceversa, así mismo la mortalidad en hembras es mayor que en machos cuando el tamaño del huésped es menor al adecuado para su desarrollo (Kishi 1970, sandlan 1979, charnov 1892, King 1987. el comportamiento para la determinación del sexo en C. grandis en función al tamaño del hospedero no se ha establecido.…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Modificación al proceso de producción masiva de los parasitoides Catolaccus grandis y Catolaccus hunteri

2009

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Difference in the Sex Ratio of the Pine Bark Weevil Parasite, Dolichomitus sp. (Hymenoptera : Ichneumonidae), Emerging from Different Host Species

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Progeny and Sex Allocation Decisions of the Polyembryonic Wasp Copidosoma floridanum

Progeny and Sex Allocation Decisions of the Polyembryonic Wasp Copidosoma floridanum

Evolutionary patterns of host utilization by ichneumonoid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae and Braconidae)*

Modificación al proceso de producción masiva de los parasitoides Catolaccus grandis y Catolaccus hunteri

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