Difference of ITS sequences of Akebia plants growing in various parts of Japan

Abstract

The stem of Akebia plant, "Mokutsu", is a crude diuretic and antiphlogistic drug.Japanese products prepared from wild Akebia plants covers most of the Mokutsu market. Two Akebia plants, Akebia quinata Decaisne (Aq) and A. trifoliata Koidzumi (At) of Lardizabalaceae, are standardized as "Mokutsu" in Japanese pharmacopoeia. These 2 Akebia plants along with A. × pentaphylla Makino (Ap), which is considered a hybrid with the morphology of Aq and At, can be distinguished by DNA sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 (ITS) of nuclear ribosome DNA. Here, we reported the result of molecular genetic analysis of Akebia plants in various wild habitats in Japan. We found that each of three Akebia plants could be distinguished by their locality at five points of nucleotide sequence at 91, 128, 133, 134 and 221 in ITS. Plants with a comparable habitat had similar nucleotide sequences at these five points. We also found Aq with ITS and nucleotide deletion at position 86 that was distributed only around Awajishima in Shikoku (A), Harimanada (B) and Kinki (C), including the chief production center of Akebia Caulis. The results of these ITS sequences enabled discrimination of the locality of Akebia Caulis.

Characteristics and Feasibility of Trans-Free Plastic Fats through Lipozyme TL IM-Catalyzed Interesterification of Palm Stearin and Akebia trifoliata Variety Australis Seed Oil

“…The stem of this plant is traditionally used to activate blood circulation and inhibit inflammation in Japan and China. The dried young leaves of this plant can be used as a tea alternative, and the fruits are used to make sweeteners, juice, and fruit vinegar. , A. trifoliata var.…”

“…The dried young leaves of this plant can be used as a tea alternative, and the fruits are used to make sweeteners, juice, and fruit vinegar. 2,3 A. trifoliata var. australis seed oil (ASO) was used as an edible oil in southern China during the period of shortage of edible oil.…”

Conserved DNA sequence analysis reveals the phylogeography and evolutionary events of Akebia trifoliata in the region across the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau and subtropical China

“…Molecular markers based on conserved DNA elements, including maternal chloroplast and biparental nuclear genomic markers, have been widely employed to investigate population genetic diversity. In this study, a previously reported chloroplast gene ( rps16 ) and a nuclear DNA marker (ITS) were used to determine the genetic diversity of the A. trifoliata population [ 35 , 36 ]. We first checked 22 and 75 haplotypes from 59 to 88 polymorphic sites in the rps16 and ITS sequences, respectively (Table S1 ).…”

“…Total genomic DNA was extracted according to the previously published CTAB method. The rps16 chloroplast gene and ITS were selected as maternally and biparentally inherited molecular markers, respectively [ 35 , 36 ]. The corresponding primers were synthesized and then subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) according to a previously described reaction system and program [ 31 ].…”

The Akebia Genus as a Novel Forest Crop: A Review of Its Genetic Resources, Nutritional Components, Biosynthesis, and Biological Studies

“…× pentaphylla has five leaflets with slightly wavy edges and pale purple male and female flowers (Makino, 1989 ; Satake et al, 1997 ). However, some naturally occurring individuals of this species exhibit boundary morphologies (Kitaoka et al, 2009 ). Two varieties of this species have been published: Akebia × pentaphylla “Pikapika” is a variety with white young leaflets and green branches; Akebia × pentaphylla “Purple Incense” has fragrant dark purple flowers and exceptionally large fruit.…”