Difference of Serum Cytokine Profile in Allergic Asthma Patients According to Disease Severity

Abstract

Purpose Allergic asthma is a heterogeneous disease with complex underlying mechanisms. Cytokines are key mediators in immune system and potential indicators of disease status. The aim of this study is to compare the difference of serum cytokine profile in allergic asthma patients with different disease severity and explore candidate biomarkers for disease monitoring and targeting therapeutic agents. Patients and Methods A total of 40 allergic asthmatics (mild, n=22; moderate-to-severe, n=18) were included in this study. Serum samples, lung function and exhaled nitric oxide data were collected from each subject. A Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) electrochemiluminescence platform was applied to access serum levels of 33 cytokines. Serum cytokine profile was compared between mild and moderate-to-severe allergic asthmatics, and the correlation between serum cytokine levels, lung function and exhaled nitric oxide were analyzed. Results Moderate-to-severe allergic asthmatics displayed higher levels of eotaxin-1, eotaxin-2, MCP-1, MCP-2, MCP-3, YKL-40 and lower IL-23, IL-31 and TRAIL in serum in comparison with mild allergic asthmatics. Serum YKL-40, eotaxin-1 and MCP-1 had the best ability to discriminate mild and moderate-to-severe allergic asthmatics, with an AUC of 0.833, 0.811 and 0.760. Serum IP-10 was positively correlated with FeNO levels, while FnNO displayed a strong positive correlation with serum IL-25. Conclusion Compared with mild allergic asthmatics, significant increase in serum eotaxin-1, eotaxin-2, MCP-1, MCP-2, MCP-3, YKL-40 and decrease in serum IL-23, IL-31 and TRAIL was noted in moderate-to-severe allergic asthmatics. YKL-40, eotaxin-1 and MCP-1 might be candidate biomarkers in reflecting severity in allergic asthma patients.

MCP-3 as a prognostic biomarker for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: a longitudinal cytokine profile study

“…studies have demonstrated the pivotal role of MCP-3 in distinguishing between infectious and non-infectious diseases. Research by Sun L’s team indicates the potential utility of serum MCP-3 levels in distinguishing between patients with mild and severe asthma ( 21 ). Yang et al.…”

“…studies have demonstrated the pivotal role of MCP-3 in distinguishing between infectious and non-infectious diseases. Research by Sun L's team indicates the potential utility of serum MCP-3 levels in distinguishing between patients with mild and severe asthma (21). Yang et al examined 48 cytokines in the peripheral blood of COVID-19 patients, identifying IP-10, MCP-3, and IL-1ra as biomarkers associated with disease severity and fatal outcomes (34).…”

“…For example, Sun L et al. successfully differentiated between mild and severe asthma patients using MCP-3 ( 21 ). Findings by Yang indicated a significant correlation between high serum MCP-3 concentrations and the severity of COVID-19 patients ( 22 ).…”

“…Previous studies have shown the robust performance of MCP-3 in identifying disease severity and predicting poor prognosis in various infectious and non-infectious diseases. For example, Sun L et al successfully differentiated between mild and severe asthma patients using MCP-3 (21). Findings by Yang indicated a significant correlation between high serum MCP-3 concentrations and the severity of COVID-19 patients (22).…”

Necesidades no cubiertas en asma alérgica grave

“…En el reciente trabajo de Sun et al (2022) 15 se comparó el perfil de expresión de citoquinas séricas entre pacientes con AA de diverso grado de gravedad y se buscaron biomarcadores útiles para el seguimiento de la enfermedad y la elección de agentes terapéuticos. En este estudio se concluyó que las proteínas YKL-40, eotaxina-1 y MCP-1 podrían ser biomarcadores candidatos para reflejar la gravedad de los pacientes con AA.…”