Differences between sexes concerning COVID-19-related pneumonia

Banfi, Paolo; Garuti, Giancarlo; Terán, Teresa Díaz de; Ruíz, Juan Gabriel; Ferraioli, Gianluca; Russo, Giuseppe; Casu, Francesco; Gandolfo, Corinna; Cinque, Enrico; Gallo, Fabrizio; Cillóniz, Catia; Nicolini, Antonello

doi:10.23736/s0031-0808.21.04165-3

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Older males with baseline comorbidities (cardiac, renal, and pulmonary) are more prone to developing severe disease in MERS, SARS, and COVID-19. 95,112 Interestingly, clinical disease is not frequently observed in children with SARS, MERS, or COVID-19 [113][114][115][116] . COVID-19 studies in children found that the majority develop a mild-to-moderate infection, with pneumonia being the main presentation; rare complications are strongly associated with baseline comorbidities.…”

Section: Severe Lrvi Due To Coronavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Infections Due to Respiratory Viruses

Cillóniz

Pericàs

Rojas

2022

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Severe viral infections may result in severe illnesses capable of causing acute respiratory failure that could progress rapidly to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), related to worse outcomes, especially in individuals with a higher risk of infection, including the elderly and those with comorbidities such as asthma, diabetes mellitus and chronic respiratory or cardiovascular disease. In addition, in cases of severe viral pneumonia, co-infection with bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus is related to worse outcomes. Respiratory viruses like influenza, rhinovirus, parainfluenza, adenovirus, metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and coronavirus have increasingly been detected. This trend has become more prevalent, especially in critically ill patients, due to the availability and implementation of molecular assays in clinical practice. Respiratory viruses have been diagnosed as a frequent cause of severe pneumonia, including cases of community-acquired pneumonia, hospital-acquired pneumonia, and ventilator-associated pneumonia. In this review, we will discuss the epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical characteristics, management, and prognosis of patients with severe infections due to respiratory viruses, with a focus on influenza viruses, non-influenza viruses, and coronaviruses.

show abstract

Section: Severe Lrvi Due To Coronavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Infections Due to Respiratory Viruses

Cillóniz

Pericàs

Rojas

2022

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…applying exercise programs as needed by each patient for their individual physical improvement [15,16]. The significant FEV 1 and non-significant FVC improvement only in men could be related to the previous finding of a significant FEV 1 reduction in patients with cardiorespiratory pathologies; for these diseases, a higher prevalence has been reported in males compared to females [8,39].…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…In inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation, an individual approach is primarily used, with applying exercise programs as needed by each patient for their individual physical improvement [15,16]. The significant FEV 1 and non-significant FVC improvement only in men could be related to the previous finding of a significant FEV 1 reduction in patients with cardiorespiratory pathologies; for these diseases, a higher prevalence has been reported in males compared to females [8,39]. However, the present COVID-19 patient male and female cohort were similar with regard to pre-existing cardiorespiratory pathologies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The risk of a severe progression of COVID-19 has consistently been found two times greater for men than for women worldwide, measured by the number of deaths, hospitalizations, intensive care unit stays and intubations for mechanical ventilation 2 3 4 . Especially men between the ages of 65 and 85 have dominated the prevalence of COVID-19-related deaths 5 , probably associated with chronic metabolic disease, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and hypertension 6 , or cardiovascular disease tending to affect men more frequently than women 6 7 8 . Potential reasons range from biological factors, including stronger female immune response to viral infections and protective properties of estrogen, to social factors e.g., higher alcohol consumption and enhanced smoking behavior in men 9 10 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Effects of Exercise Therapy Moderated by Sex in Rehabilitation of COVID-19

Rausch

Puchner²,

Fuchshuber

et al. 2022

Int J Sports Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Standardized exercise therapy programs in pulmonary rehabilitation have been shown to improve physical performance and lung function parameters in post-acute COVID-19 patients. However, it has not been investigated if these positive effects are equally beneficial for both sexes. The purpose of this study was to analyze outcomes of a pulmonary rehabilitation program with respect to sex differences, in order to identify sex-specific pulmonary rehabilitation requirements. Data of 233 post-acute COVID-19 patients (40.4% females) were analyzed before and after a three-week standardized pulmonary rehabilitation program. Lung function parameters were assessed using body-plethysmography and functional exercise capacity was measured by the Six-Minute Walk Test. At post-rehabilitation, females showed a significantly smaller improvement in maximal inspiration capacity and forced expiratory volume (F = 5.86, ω2 = .02; p < 0.05) than males. Exercise capacity improvements between men and women did not differ statisticially. Females made greater progress towards reference values of exercise capacity (T(231) = -3.04; p < 0.01) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (T(231) = 2.83; p < 0.01) than males. Sex differences in the improvement of lung function parameters seem to exist and should be considered when personalizing standardized exercise therapies in pulmonary rehabilitation.

show abstract

“…131 In children, COVID-19 presented as a mild-to-moderate infection, with pneumonia being the main presentation; rare complications are strongly associated with baseline comorbidities. 130,131 Importantly, multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) in children with COVID-19 warrants special attention due to its frequency and potential severity. In a review that assessed 57 studies from 15 countries, Panigrahy et al 134 found 875 children with MIS-C. Interestingly, MIS-C was more frequent in males, and children with a median age of 9 years were the most affected.…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 and Viral Pneumoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Pneumonia: From Influenza to COVID-19

Cilloniz,

Dy-Agra,

Pagcatipunan

et al. 2024

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Respiratory viruses are increasingly recognized as a cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The implementation of new diagnostic technologies has facilitated their identification, especially in vulnerable population such as immunocompromised and elderly patients and those with severe cases of pneumonia. In terms of severity and outcomes, viral pneumonia caused by influenza viruses appears similar to that caused by non-influenza viruses. Although several respiratory viruses may cause CAP, antiviral therapy is available only in cases of CAP caused by influenza virus or respiratory syncytial virus. Currently, evidence-based supportive care is key to managing severe viral pneumonia. We discuss the evidence surrounding epidemiology, diagnosis, management, treatment, and prevention of viral pneumonia.

show abstract

Differences between sexes concerning COVID-19-related pneumonia

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Severe Infections Due to Respiratory Viruses

Severe Infections Due to Respiratory Viruses

The Effects of Exercise Therapy Moderated by Sex in Rehabilitation of COVID-19

Viral Pneumonia: From Influenza to COVID-19

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About