Differences in Air and Sea Surface Temperatures in the Northern and Southern Part of the Adriatic Sea

Bonacci, Ognjen; Vrsalović, Adrijana

doi:10.3390/atmos13071158

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…According to Branković et al [60], there is a statistically significant increase in the Croatian coastal zone, which has intensified within a shorter period, as evidenced by the recording of five to seven of the ten warmest years in the period of 2001-2010. Furthermore, a statistically significant increase in the annual maximum temperatures was also observed inland [61,62]. Perčec-Tadić et al [63] found stronger trends in the continental and mountainous regions.…”

Section: Analysis Of Air Temperature Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Climate Variability and Trends in Imotski, Croatia: An Analysis of Temperature and Precipitation

et al. 2023

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This paper examines the long-term changes in temperature and precipitation in the karst region of Imotski, Croatia, which is of particular interest due to its abundance of karst phenomena. This study analyses temperatures and precipitation on monthly and annual scales at two climatological stations in the region, Imotski and Ričice. Linear regression, the Theil–Sen estimator (β), and the Mann–Kendall test were used to determine the trends and statistical significance. The homogeneity of the data was checked using the Standard Normal Homogeneity Test (SNHT), and the F-test and t-test were used to test the significance of the mean shift between the two subseries. Additionally, the coefficient of variability, standardized rainfall anomaly, and precipitation concentration index were employed to analyze the precipitation variability. The study found a statistically significant (p < 0.05) upward trend in the mean (β = 0.0437) and maximum (β = 0.0590) annual air temperature at the Imotski station and the mean (β = 0.0387) annual temperature at the Ričice station. The SNHT test showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) shift in the mean annual temperatures after 2007 and maximum annual temperatures after 1998 at the Imotski station. Similarly, a statistically significant (p < 0.05) shift in the mean annual temperatures after 2011 and the maximum annual temperatures after 1998 was found at the Ričice station. A seasonal distribution of precipitation is observed at both the Ričice and Imotski stations, with a downward trend (β = −2.7693) at Ričice and an upward trend (β = 6.0575) at Imotski; however, neither trend is statistically significant (p > 0.05). An increase in the intensity of dry periods and the occurrence of extreme events was also noted. The climatological analysis, conducted for the first time in this area, is a crucial step toward understanding local climate patterns and making informed decisions toward sustainable development and adaptation strategies.

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Section: Analysis Of Air Temperature Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Climate Variability and Trends in Imotski, Croatia: An Analysis of Temperature and Precipitation

et al. 2023

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“…The climate is influenced by the Bora wind, which is known to be associated with cold and dry continental air [34]. The physicochemical processes are directly influenced by the inflow of water from the river Po in the north as well as its specific topography [35]. The Adriatic Sea has a lower salinity level than the rest of the Mediterranean due to the inflow of inland waters, which contain about a third of the freshwater that enters the entire Mediterranean Sea [35].…”

Section: Adriatic Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The physicochemical processes are directly influenced by the inflow of water from the river Po in the north as well as its specific topography [35]. The Adriatic Sea has a lower salinity level than the rest of the Mediterranean due to the inflow of inland waters, which contain about a third of the freshwater that enters the entire Mediterranean Sea [35]. The eastern Balkan coast experienced a substantial warming of 1 • C between 1979 and 2015 [36].…”

Section: Adriatic Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

First Analyses of the TIMELINE AVHRR SST Product: Long-Term Trends of Sea Surface Temperature at 1 km Resolution across European Coastal Zones

Reiners,

Obrecht,

Dietz

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

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Coastal areas are among the most productive areas in the world, ecologically as well as economically. Sea Surface Temperature (SST) has evolved as the major essential climate variable (ECV) and ocean variable (EOV) to monitor land–ocean interactions and oceanic warming trends. SST monitoring can be achieved by means of remote sensing. The current relatively coarse spatial resolution of established SST products limits their potential in small-scale, coastal zones. This study presents the first analysis of the TIMELINE 1 km SST product from AVHRR in four key European regions: The Northern and Baltic Sea, the Adriatic Sea, the Aegean Sea, and the Balearic Sea. The analysis of monthly anomaly trends showed high positive SST trends in all study areas, exceeding the global average SST warming. Seasonal variations reveal peak warming during the spring, early summer, and early autumn, suggesting a potential seasonal shift. The spatial analysis of the monthly anomaly trends revealed significantly higher trends at near-coast areas, which were especially distinct in the Mediterranean study areas. The clearest pattern was visible in the Adriatic Sea in March and May, where the SST trends at the coast were twice as high as that observed at a 40 km distance to the coast. To validate our findings, we compared the TIMELINE monthly anomaly time series with monthly anomalies derived from the Level 4 CCI SST anomaly product. The comparison showed an overall good accordance with correlation coefficients of R > 0.82 for the Mediterranean study areas and R = 0.77 for the North and Baltic Seas. This study highlights the potential of AVHRR Local Area Coverage (LAC) data with 1 km spatial resolution for mapping long-term SST trends in areas with high spatial SST variability, such as coastal regions.

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“…Being located in the northern limit of the Mediterranean latitudinal range, these areas are defined as "cul-de-sacs", from which cold-water species will have no possibility of escaping. Recent observational data showed that the AS, and in particular the NAS, is the sub-basin with the highest warming trend in sea surface temperature in the Mediterranean Sea over the last 20 years [27,64] (Figure A2), which could determine a strong reduction in cold-adapted species during the ongoing century and, in the worst case scenario, even their local extinction [29]. This phenomenon is probably occurring in the Adriatic population of whiting, whose distribution is restricted to the central and northern parts of the sub-basin, showing high abundance only in the northern part [39].…”

Section: Historical Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whiting (Merlangius merlangus) Grows Slower and Smaller in the Adriatic Sea: New Insights from a Comparison of Two Populations with a Time Interval of 30 Years

Calì,

Stranci,

La Mesa

et al. 2023

Fishes

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Nowadays, overexploitation and climate change are among the major threats to fish production all over the world. In this study, we focused our attention on the Adriatic Sea (AS), a shallow semi-enclosed sub-basin showing the highest exploitation level and warming trend over the last decades within the Mediterranean Sea. We investigated the life history traits and population dynamics of the cold-water species whiting (Merlangius merlangus, Gadidae) 30 years apart, which is one of the main commercial species in the Northern AS. The AS represents its southern limit of distribution, in accordance with the thermal preference of this cold-water species. Fish samples were collected monthly using a commercial bottom trawl within the periods 1990–1991 and 2020–2021. The historical comparison highlighted a recent reduction in large specimens (>25 cm total length, TL), which was not associated with trunked age structures, therefore indicating a decrease in growth performance over a period of 30 years (L∞90–91 = 29.5 cm TL; L∞20–21 = 22.8 cm TL). The current size at first sexual maturity was achieved within the first year of life, at around 16 cm TL for males and 17 cm TL for females. In the AS, whiting spawns in batches from December to March, showing a reproductive investment (gonadosomatic index) one order of magnitude higher in females than in males. Potential fecundity (F) ranged from 46,144 to 424,298, with it being heavily dependent on fish size. We hypothesize that the decreased growth performance might be related to a metabolic constraint, possibly related to the increased temperature and its consequences. Moreover, considering the detrimental effects of size reduction on reproductive potential, these findings suggest a potential endangerment situation for the long-term maintenance of whiting and cold-related species in the AS, which should be accounted for in setting management strategies.

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Differences in Air and Sea Surface Temperatures in the Northern and Southern Part of the Adriatic Sea

Cited by 12 publications

References 37 publications

Climate Variability and Trends in Imotski, Croatia: An Analysis of Temperature and Precipitation

Climate Variability and Trends in Imotski, Croatia: An Analysis of Temperature and Precipitation

First Analyses of the TIMELINE AVHRR SST Product: Long-Term Trends of Sea Surface Temperature at 1 km Resolution across European Coastal Zones

Whiting (Merlangius merlangus) Grows Slower and Smaller in the Adriatic Sea: New Insights from a Comparison of Two Populations with a Time Interval of 30 Years

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