Differences in allelopathic effect of tree of heaven root extracts and isolated ailanthone on test-species

Novak, Maja; Novak, Nenad; Milinović, Bernardica

doi:10.5513/jcea01/22.3.3098

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…This concentration had a stimulating effect on the further growth of both the root system and stem. This is consistent with the literature suggesting that the allelopathic effect of allelochemicals depends on the concentration level and other factors (Novak et al, 2021;Tsytsiura, Tsaruk, 2021;Scavo et al, 2022). This also explains the contradictions in the information concerning the phytoncide effect between plants (Кобів, 2015; Лисянський, 2017; Кучерявий, 2020).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

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Allelopathic effect of couch grass (Elymus repens L.) on germination of common wheat seeds

Okrushko

2022

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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The resistance of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a traditional Ukrainian crop, to allelopathic weeds in the early stages of cultivation has not been sufficiently analysed up to now. Contradictory information on the chemical interaction between wheat and couch grass (Elymus repens L.) has led to a detailed investigation of the effect of couch grass. The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effect of the aqueous extracts of couch grass rhizomes collected in Vinnytsia region, western and south-western Ukraine on wheat seed germination and further seedling development. It was found that the presence of couch grass extracts inhibited the energy of seed germination in all experimental treatments. The couch grass extract with a concentration of 1:1000 had a stimulating effect on the germination and subsequent growth of wheat seedlings compared to the control treatment, in which the wheat seeds were germinated in the distilled water. On the 4th day of the experiment, the couch grass extracts at higher concentrations (1:100 and 1:10) significantly reduced the length of the germ root of wheat by 0.25 and 0.30 cm. On the 7th day of wheat seed germination, measurements of the stem length showed a decrease by 56.2% and 51.4% compared to the control treatment. Thus, the inhibitory effect was maybe decreasing within 5-11 days of the germination of wheat seeds depending on the concentration of allelopathically active substances of couch grass in an aqueous solution.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The effect on initial growth was stronger than the effect on the germination of the analysed species. Lower concentrations stimulated germination (Novak et al, 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Allelopathic effect of couch grass (Elymus repens L.) on germination of common wheat seeds

Okrushko

2022

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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“…Ahmad et al (2020) [ 21 ] observed that an aqueous extract of A. altissima leaves may adversely affect the wheat root length and caryopsis germination. The study of Novak et al (2021) [ 51 ] on A. altissima but using aqueous extracts from roots and an aqueous solution of the pure compound ailanthone, reported very weak inhibitory activity on the wheat germination and root length growth compared to the effect it had on other tested plant seeds (pigweed Amaranthus retroflexus L. and red bristlegrass Setaria pumila L.), at lower concentrations. The authors found that the least significant effect was shown by ailanthone, indicating that an inhibitory effect occurs only in the presence of other root allelochemicals (synergism).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to other published papers, A. altissima root or leaves revealed either an inhibitory effect on Medicago sativa [24,25], Daucus carota [22], Sinapis alba and Brassica napus [23], Lactuca sp. [26], or a stimulating effect on Raphanus sativus L. and Setaria pumila L. [51,52]. The inhibitory effects may be further studied for their potential application as bioherbicides [52].…”

Section: Wheat Caryopsis Germination Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Screening of Ecotoxic and Cytotoxic Activities of Ailanthus altissima Leaf Extract against Target and Non-Target Plant and Animal Cells

Cocîrlea,

Simionescu,

Petrovici

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Ailanthus altissima, an invasive plant species, exhibits pharmacological properties, but also some allergic effects on humans. This study aimed to evaluate the potential toxicity of A. altissima leaves, using a complex approach towards different organisms. The ecotoxic impact of a crude extract was investigated on seeds germination and brine shrimp lethality. Cytotoxicity was studied in vitro using non-target (haemolysis, liposomal model, fibroblast), and target (cancer cells) assays. Leaf extract at 1000 µg/mL significantly inhibited wheat and tomato germination, while no significant effects were found on parsley germination. A slight stimulatory effect on wheat and tomato germination was found at 125 µg/mL. In a brine shrimp-test, the extract showed a low toxicity at 24 h post-exposure (LC50 = 951.04 ± 28.26 μg/mL), the toxic effects increasing with the exposure time and extract concentration. Leaf extract caused low hematotoxicity. The extract was biocompatible with human gingival fibroblasts. No anti-proliferative effect was found within the concentration range of 10–500 µg/mL on malignant melanoma (MeWo) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2). In a liposomal model-test, the extract proved to possess low capability to alter the eukaryotic cell-mimicking membranes within the tested concentration range. Given the low to moderate toxicity on tested organisms/cells, the A. altissima autumn leaves may find useful applications.

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“…It can be found in different parts of the tree and negatively affects the growth of different native species [23], allowing an increase in the presence of other non-native species [24]. Assays with concentrated extracts of ailanthone have shown different effects towards different weeds [25], with dicots being the more affected species [26]. Perhaps this fact may explain why the removal of A. altissima in natural areas does not allow native plants to recover until two years later [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Invasive Ailanthus altissima: A Biology, Ecology, and Control Review

Soler,

Izquierdo

2024

Plants

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Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle) is a tree native to China which has invaded disturbed areas in many regions worldwide. Its presence endangers natural ecosystems by displacing native species, modifying habitats, changing community structures, and affecting ecosystem processes. Its invasive nature is enhanced by its high ability to reproduce both vegetatively through root regrowth and sexually through seeds. Seeds, which are wind dispersed, are the main mechanism by which this species reaches new habitats. When they germinate and develop the root system, roots emit new shoots that contribute to a rapid increase in the tree density and the subsequent expansion of the population nearby. The contradictory results about the ecological requirements for seeds to germinate and their degree of dormancy and longevity indicate the complexity and difficulty of understanding the mechanisms that govern the biology and adaptability of this plant. The management of this weed aims at its eradication, with programs based on herbicide applications carried out by injecting the active ingredient directly to the trunk. But, not many active ingredients have shown total control, so new ones should be tested in order to increase the range of available herbicides. During the last few decades, some biological agents have been identified, but their efficacy in controlling the tree and their safety for the local flora have not yet been determined. A correct management strategy should take into account all these aspects in order to contain the expansion of this species and, ultimately, allow its eradication.

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Differences in allelopathic effect of tree of heaven root extracts and isolated ailanthone on test-species

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Allelopathic effect of couch grass (Elymus repens L.) on germination of common wheat seeds

Allelopathic effect of couch grass (Elymus repens L.) on germination of common wheat seeds

In Vitro Screening of Ecotoxic and Cytotoxic Activities of Ailanthus altissima Leaf Extract against Target and Non-Target Plant and Animal Cells

The Invasive Ailanthus altissima: A Biology, Ecology, and Control Review

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