Differences in direct pharmacologic effects and antioxidative properties of mature breast milk and infant formulas

Lugonja, Nikoleta; Spasić, Snežana; Laugier, Olga; Nikolić‐Kokić, Aleksandra; Spasojević, Ivan; Oreščanin-Dušić, Zorana; Vrvić, Miroslav M.

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2012.07.018

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…We believe that a priority in paediatric research is the rigorous determination of iron supplementation needs of infants according to their individual iron status. Like others before us, 58 we assert that formula manufacturers have a responsibility to replicate the chemical composition of breast milk, particularly the iron content. The current 'one size fits all' approach to iron supplementation might be clinically unnecessary and, as discussed below, might even have adverse effects in the long term.…”

Section: Box 2 | Evolution Of Iron Regulatory Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Is early-life iron exposure critical in neurodegeneration?

et al. 2015

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The effects of iron deficiency are well documented, but relatively little is known about the long-term implications of iron overload during development. High levels of redox-active iron in the brain have been associated with neurodegenerative disorders, most notably Parkinson disease, yet a gradual increase in brain iron seems to be a feature of normal ageing. Increased brain iron levels might result from intake of infant formula that is excessively fortified with iron, thereby altering the trajectory of brain iron uptake and amplifying the risk of iron-associated neurodegeneration in later life. In this Perspectives article, we discuss the potential long-term implications of excessive iron intake in early life, propose the analysis of iron deposits in teeth as a method for retrospective determination of iron exposure during critical developmental windows, and call for evidence-based optimization of the chemical composition of infant dietary supplements.

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Section: Box 2 | Evolution Of Iron Regulatory Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Is early-life iron exposure critical in neurodegeneration?

et al. 2015

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“…The enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) are 2 important antioxidant enzymes in human milk; they play an important role in protecting the high level of potentially oxidizable lipids in human milk and/or have a functional significance to the nursing neonate [9] . Our group has previously studied the effect of iodine supplementation in pregnant women on infant neurodevelopment [10] , and also studied the role of iodine as antioxidant agent present in human milk [11] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Components in Human Milk Along the First Month of Life: Effects of Iodine Supplementation during Pregnancy

et al. 2016

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Background/Aims: Human milk is considered the most suitable food for infants. The potential benefits of breastfeeding can be explained by the presence of different growth and neurotrophic factors in human milk. This study was designed to detect some biomarkers in human milk, which could be involved in the infant neurodevelopment and in the regulation of the maturation of neonatal intestine (brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and autotaxin (ATX)), and compare them on the basis of the consumption of iodine supplements or multivitamins. Methods: A prospective study included 37 healthy breastfeeding mothers, divided into 3 different groups: (1) 10 mothers who did not take supplements, (2) 17 mothers who took potassium iodine (KI) 200 µg/day and (3) 10 mothers who took a multivitamin supplement. Results: The concentrations of BDNF, GDNF, GFAP, FGF21, LPA and ATX in human milk were not significantly different in women who took a multivitamin or KI supplement compared with those who did not take any supplement. Conclusions: The presence of neurotrophic factors in human milk is neither modified by the consumption of supplements nor by their type.

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“…Tsopmo et al [23] and Aycicek et al [24] earlier reported that human-milk-fed infants demonstrated higher level of plasma antioxidant and lower level of plasma TPP than in formula-fed infants. Goldman et al [1], Friel et al [25] and Lugonja et al [26] have also reported increased levels of antioxidants (i.e. vitamins C, A, and E and lactoferin) in the human-milk of lactating mothers compared with the blood plasma levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Comparative Assessment of Markers of Oxidative Stress in Human-milk and Plasma of Lactating Mothers

Akiibinu

Adesiyan

Akiibinu

2018

IRA-JAS

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Background: Human-milk is a complex extracellular fluid with different biochemical composition compared with blood. The present study assessed the levels of markers of oxidative stress in human-milk and plasma of healthy lactating mothers.Methods: Forty lactating mothers (22-36 years) volunteered to participate in this study. They were non-smokers and apparently normal nursing mothers who had normal delivery without postnatal complications. Blood and breast-milk samples were collected from the lactating mothers between 6th and 18th weeks after delivery. Total antioxidant potential (TAP), total plasma peroxides (TPP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined in both human-milk and blood of the mothers using spectrophotometric methods. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was determined as the percent ratio of the TPP and TAP.Results: The results showed that TAP, TPP and OSI increased significantly (p<0.001) in human-milk compared with the plasma. The plasma / human-milk ratios of TAP, TPP and OSI were 1:3, 1:5 and 1:2 respectively. The level of MDA was significantly (p=0.01) lower in the breast-milk, compared with the plasma. In the plasma, levels of OSI correlated significantly with TAP (r= -0.46; p= 0.015) and TPP (r=0.90; p <0.001) while in the breast-milk, OSI correlated significantly with only the TAP (r = -0.76; p<0.001).Conclusion: It could be concluded that the higher TPP in the human milk would be beneficial against pathogens, while the bio-accumulated antioxidant molecules regulate free radical load to avert the consequences of oxidative stress in the breast tissue.

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Differences in direct pharmacologic effects and antioxidative properties of mature breast milk and infant formulas

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

Is early-life iron exposure critical in neurodegeneration?

Is early-life iron exposure critical in neurodegeneration?

Bioactive Components in Human Milk Along the First Month of Life: Effects of Iodine Supplementation during Pregnancy

Comparative Assessment of Markers of Oxidative Stress in Human-milk and Plasma of Lactating Mothers

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