Differences in Fat-Free Mass and Muscle Thicknesses at Various Sites According to Performance Level Among Judo Athletes

Kubo, Junjiro; Chishaki, Takeharu; Nakamura, Natsumi; Muramatsu, Tadashi; Yamamoto, Yousuke; Ito, Masamitsu; Saitou, Hitoshi; Kukidome, Takeshi

doi:10.1519/00124278-200608000-00029

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, Callister et al [9] identified a similar, although not significant, trend among adult female judokas concerning arms strength, especially at higher velocities. Similar results are also reported by Kubo et al [25], who measured larger arms muscle thicknesses in judo athletes with a higher performance level. However, the majority of studies concerning judokas did not clearly define variables that discriminate between higher and less successful athletes [10,11,27].…”

Section: Determinants Of Successsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The higher relative arm Pmax among more successful adult male judokas could contribute to the relevance of upper body power in the grip fight and during the combat in general, when competitors have to maintain an advantageous distance from the opponent, extending or flexing the elbow [25]. This finding may also be partly due to the higher importance focused on strength training and to a higher amount and frequency of judo practice with increasing age and rank.…”

Section: Determinants Of Successmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Specific exercise testing in judo athletes

et al. 2012

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Background All-out exercise tests lasting the duration of a judo match, i.e., 5 minutes, regarding arm and leg performance have barely been introduced. We hypothesised that, besides body composition, arm and leg performance, derived from 5 minutes lasting all-out ergometric tests, would be of importance for success in judo competitions. Material/Methods: The groups investigated consisted of eight juvenile (15.3±0.9 years) and six adult (25.2±4.9 years) male Austrian judokas of different ranks. In addition to body composition, power output and peak oxygen uptake (VO 2 peak) were determined during 5-min all-out tests on an arm crank and a cycle ergometer. Results: Relative VO 2 peak during cranking was about 18% higher in juvenile than in adult men (35.5±4.3 ml•kg-1 •min-1 vs. 30.0±3.5 ml•kg-1 •min-1 , p≤0.05). However, neither body composition nor arm and leg performance was related to competition success in juvenile judo athletes. In contrast, in adult judokas percentage of body fat (r=-0.83) and relative maximum arm power (r=0.83) were both related to competition rank (p≤0.05). Conclusions: As these results indicate age-related differences in the assessed determinants of success for judo competition performance, they may have practical importance and should be considered in planning the training for male judo athletes of different age classes.

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Section: Determinants Of Successsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Determinants Of Successmentioning

confidence: 97%

Specific exercise testing in judo athletes

et al. 2012

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“…While the direct transfer of isometric resistance training to dynamic movements is questionable, physiological adaptations such as increased muscle mass and improved tendon qualities are beneficial in a variety of contexts. There is a well‐established relationship between muscle mass, strength, and functional performance in a variety of activities and populations . While it may require specific training in a movement to optimize neuromuscular performance, it is clear that producing and maintaining muscle mass and strength should be a priority for athletes and special populations alike.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a wellestablished relationship between muscle mass, strength, and functional performance in a variety of activities and populations. [108][109][110] While it may require specific training in a movement to optimize neuromuscular performance, 71,111 it is clear that producing and maintaining muscle mass and strength should be a priority for athletes and special populations alike. For this reason, isometric contractions are regularly used in rehabilitation programs and during specific training phases where dynamic contractions may be contraindicated.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isometric training and long‐term adaptations: Effects of muscle length, intensity, and intent: A systematic review

Oranchuk

Storey

Nelson

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

122

106

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Isometric training is used in the rehabilitation and physical preparation of athletes, special populations, and the general public. However, little consensus exists regarding training guidelines for a variety of desired outcomes. Understanding the adaptive response to specific loading parameters would be of benefit to practitioners. The objective of this systematic review, therefore, was to detail the medium‐ to long‐term adaptations of different types of isometric training on morphological, neurological, and performance variables. Exploration of the relevant subject matter was performed through MEDLINE, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and CINAHL databases. English, full‐text, peer‐reviewed journal articles and unpublished doctoral dissertations investigating medium‐ to long‐term (≥3 weeks) adaptations to isometric training in humans were identified. These studies were evaluated further for methodological quality. Twenty‐six research outputs were reviewed. Isometric training at longer muscle lengths (0.86%‐1.69%/week, ES = 0.03‐0.09/week) produced greater muscular hypertrophy when compared to equal volumes of shorter muscle length training (0.08%‐0.83%/week, ES = −0.003 to 0.07/week). Ballistic intent resulted in greater neuromuscular activation (1.04%‐10.5%/week, ES = 0.02‐0.31/week vs 1.64%‐5.53%/week, ES = 0.03‐0.20/week) and rapid force production (1.2%‐13.4%/week, ES = 0.05‐0.61/week vs 1.01%‐8.13%/week, ES = 0.06‐0.22/week). Substantial improvements in muscular hypertrophy and maximal force production were reported regardless of training intensity. High‐intensity (≥70%) contractions are required for improving tendon structure and function. Additionally, long muscle length training results in greater transference to dynamic performance. Despite relatively few studies meeting the inclusion criteria, this review provides practitioners with insight into which isometric training variables (eg, joint angle, intensity, intent) to manipulate to achieve desired morphological and neuromuscular adaptations.

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“…Bembem (2002) measured anatomical cross-sectional area and muscle thickness of the rectus femoris at 15 cm above the superior border of the patella. On the other hand, the site used in most studies to analyse other parameters of the quadriceps muscles considers the level of 50% of the length of the thigh -the distance between the greater trochanter of the femur and the articular cleft between the femur and tibia condyles -for measurement by ultrasound (Miyatani et al, 2002;Kubo et al, 2003Kubo et al, , 2006Blazevich et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of the rectus femoris muscle cross‐sectional area measurements by ultrasonography

Lima

Matta

Oliveira

2012

Clin Physio Funct Imaging

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The skeletal muscle system can adapt to an external stimulus from either physiological or pathological conditions. This plasticity is measured by imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging or ultrasound. The anatomical cross-sectional area of a muscle is one of the muscle architecture parameters that relates to the maximum muscle strength. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability of anatomical cross-sectional area rectus femoris measurements, obtained by ultrasound, with two different protocols. Acquisition of four anatomical cross-sectional area images of the right rectus femoris in two distinct regions (15 cm above the patella and 50% of the thigh length) was performed in 2 days, from a group of 15 young healthy subjects. The cross-sectional area of each image was measured five times. The reliability of the anatomical cross-sectional area measures was determined by the coefficient of variation (CV), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and typical error of measurement (TEM). In each protocol, there were no significant differences between the means of anatomical cross-sectional area in measurements, images and days (P>0·05). The CVs were 8·53% and 8·9%, the ICCs 0·88 and 0·87 and the TEMs 65·59 and 94·25 between the 2 days in the regions of 15 cm and 50% of the thigh length, respectively. The average values of the cross-sectional area at 50% of the thigh length were significantly higher than those for at 15 cm above the patella (P<0·001). The measurement of rectus femoris anatomical cross-sectional area by ultrasound proved reliable.

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Differences in Fat-Free Mass and Muscle Thicknesses at Various Sites According to Performance Level Among Judo Athletes

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Specific exercise testing in judo athletes

Specific exercise testing in judo athletes

Isometric training and long‐term adaptations: Effects of muscle length, intensity, and intent: A systematic review

Reliability of the rectus femoris muscle cross‐sectional area measurements by ultrasonography

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