Differences in health between Americans and Western Europeans: Effects on longevity and public finance

Michaud, Pierre‐Carl; Goldman, Dana P.; Lakdawalla, Darius N.; Gailey, Adam; Zheng, Yuhui

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.05.027

Cited by 40 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Our findings, to some extent, support the conclusion of the time to death literature that longevity gains do not necessarily lead to expenditure increases. Such result is in line with the finding that increasing life expectancy in the U.S. by gradually moving American cohorts to the better health status enjoyed by Western Europeans could lead to substantial health care savings [42]. However, as we have shown, cost containment can only be achieved when increasing life expectancy is indeed a result of health improvements.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

The effect of trends in health and longevity on health services use by older adults

Wouterse

Huisman

Meijboom

et al. 2015

BMC Health Serv Res

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BackgroundThe effect of population aging on future health services use depends on the relationship between longevity gains and health. Whether further gains in life expectancy will be paired by improvements in health is uncertain. We therefore analyze the effect of population ageing on health services use under different health scenarios. We focus on the possibly diverging trends between different dimensions of health and their effect on health services use.MethodsUsing longitudinal data on health and health services use, a latent Markov model has been estimated that includes different dimensions of health. We use this model to perform a simulation study and analyze the health dynamics that drive the effect of population aging. We simulate three health scenarios on the relationship between longevity and health (expansion of morbidity, compression of morbidity, and the dynamic equilibrium scenario). We use the scenarios to predict costs of health services use in the Netherlands between 2010 and 2050.ResultsHospital use is predicted to decline after 2040, whereas long-term care will continue to rise up to 2050. Considerable differences in expenditure growth rates between scenarios with the same life expectancy but different trends in health are found. Compression of morbidity generally leads to the lowest growth. The effect of additional life expectancy gains within the same health scenario is relatively small for hospital care, but considerable for long-term care.ConclusionsBy comparing different health scenarios resulting in the same life expectancy, we show that health improvements do contain costs when they decrease morbidity but not mortality. This suggests that investing in healthy aging can contribute to containing health expenditure growth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

The effect of trends in health and longevity on health services use by older adults

Wouterse

Huisman

Meijboom

et al. 2015

BMC Health Serv Res

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“…Longevity, the right tail of life expectancy (increases steadily by quarter of a year every year (Oeppen & Vaupel 2002)) is more prevalent now due to improvements in not only medical treatment and knowledge, but also access to better nutrition, food availability, healthy environment, and overall self secure. Human longevity can be reached in many ways such as having a favourable genetic background (Schumacher et al, 2009), a low degree of disability , robust maintenance of physiological functions , diet (Hausman et al, 2011), front of the line healthcare (Michaud et al, 2011), environment (de Magalhaes et al, 2012, and cellular and DNA maintenance (Schumacher et al, 2009;Barzilai 2010). Can long Telomere Length be considered as one?…”

Section: Telomere and Longevitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Telomere Length and Aging

Muzumdar¹,

Atzmon²

2012

Reviews on Selected Topics of Telomere Biology

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“…However, the current study had higher proportions of patients classified in middle CirCom categories (1 + 0, 1 + 1, and 3 + 0), indicating a higher burden of primary comorbidity among our patients. This may be anticipated with the use of a cohort of US patients with a generally higher health burden of obesity and sedentary lifestyle compared with their European counterparts . It should be noted that because this analysis focused on newly diagnosed patients with cirrhosis (which would be of lower disease severity compared with the cirrhosis population at large), the results should be interpreted within this specific context.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between a cirrhosis‐specific comorbidity scoring system and healthcare utilization patterns

Dashputre

Nemecek

Kamal

et al. 2018

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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Background and Aim Patients with liver cirrhosis are impacted by comorbidities that affect healthcare utilization and survival. The study objective was to assess the relationship between a cirrhosis‐specific comorbidity scoring system (CirCom) and healthcare utilization among patients with cirrhosis. Methods A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using electronic medical records from a large academic‐based healthcare network. Patients aged 18–90 years with at least one International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis code for cirrhosis (571.2/571.5) between 2009 and 2014, and at least 180 pre‐index and 365 days of post‐index electronic medical record data were included. Patients were assigned CirCom scores based on comorbidities observed at/before index cirrhosis diagnosis. All‐cause/cirrhosis‐specific outpatient/hospital utilization was assessed post‐index diagnosis across 1 year. Predictors of utilization (age, sex, race, body mass index, etiology, Model for End‐stage Liver Disease, and CirCom) were assessed using negative binomial and Poisson regression with robust standard errors. Results A total of 957 patients were included. Healthcare utilization according to CirCom demonstrated a positive linear relationship for both all‐cause outpatient/hospital utilization, but no relationship was evident for cirrhosis‐specific utilization. Increased CirCom was associated with an increased risk of all‐cause utilization for both outpatient (relative risk [RR]: 1.75; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.47–2.07) and hospital (RR: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.38–2.12) utilization. However, CirCom showed a statistically non‐significant association for cirrhosis‐specific outpatient (RR: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.91–1.29) and cirrhosis‐specific hospital (RR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.67–1.13) utilization. Conclusions CirCom failed to predict cirrhosis‐specific healthcare utilization but did positively predict all‐cause utilization for both outpatient and hospital services and therefore may be useful in risk assessment and management of cirrhosis.

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Differences in health between Americans and Western Europeans: Effects on longevity and public finance

Cited by 40 publications

References 29 publications

The effect of trends in health and longevity on health services use by older adults

The effect of trends in health and longevity on health services use by older adults

Telomere Length and Aging

The relationship between a cirrhosis‐specific comorbidity scoring system and healthcare utilization patterns

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