Differences in metabolism of triploid and diploid<i>Salmo trutta f. lacustris</i>under acclimation conditions and after exposure to stress situations

Lahnsteiner, Franz; Lahnsteiner, Elias; Kletzl, Manfred

doi:10.1111/are.14198

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…As predicted, interspecific analyses often show that mass-specific metabolic rate is negatively related to genome size [ 8 , 118 , 205 , 238 , 253 , 256 , 257 , 320 , 325 , 326 , 327 , 328 , 329 ] (but see [ 330 ]). However, intraspecific tests in animals comparing polyploids with diploids have shown that increasing ploidy more often has no effect on metabolic rate than negative effects, and sometimes positive effects have even been observed (reviewed in [ 331 , 332 , 333 , 334 ]; also see [ 335 , 336 ]), as also seen for rates of photosynthesis in plants (e.g., [ 195 , 201 , 293 , 333 ]). Differences in metabolic rate between polypoid and diploid animals may be temperature-dependent [ 334 , 335 , 336 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Size Covaries More Positively with Propagule Size than Adult Size: New Insights into an Old Problem

Glazier

2021

Biology

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The body size and (or) complexity of organisms is not uniformly related to the amount of genetic material (DNA) contained in each of their cell nuclei (‘genome size’). This surprising mismatch between the physical structure of organisms and their underlying genetic information appears to relate to variable accumulation of repetitive DNA sequences, but why this variation has evolved is little understood. Here, I show that genome size correlates more positively with egg size than adult size in crustaceans. I explain this and comparable patterns observed in other kinds of animals and plants as resulting from genome size relating strongly to cell size in most organisms, which should also apply to single-celled eggs and other reproductive propagules with relatively few cells that are pivotal first steps in their lives. However, since body size results from growth in cell size or number or both, it relates to genome size in diverse ways. Relationships between genome size and body size should be especially weak in large organisms whose size relates more to cell multiplication than to cell enlargement, as is generally observed. The ubiquitous single-cell ‘bottleneck’ of life cycles may affect both genome size and composition, and via both informational (genotypic) and non-informational (nucleotypic) effects, many other properties of multicellular organisms (e.g., rates of growth and metabolism) that have both theoretical and practical significance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Size Covaries More Positively with Propagule Size than Adult Size: New Insights into an Old Problem

Glazier

2021

Biology

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“…Like interspecific comparisons, intraspecific comparisons of R / M with cell size often show significant negative relationships [ 33 , 39 , 55 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ], but contrary to cell SA theory, nonsignificant [ 39 , 61 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ] and even positive [ 42 , 56 , 59 , 60 , 63 , 68 ] relationships have also been frequently reported. Why intraspecific relationships vary so much is little understood, but differences in temperature [ 28 , 54 , 59 , 61 , 63 ], fasting duration [ 68 ], developmental stage [ 39 ], tissue type [ 40 , 60 ], and duration of laboratory acclimation [ 61 , 63 ] or evolutionary adaptation [ 54 , 56 , 69 ] may be at least partially involved.…”

Section: Major Ways That Variation In Metabolic Rate May Relate To Ce...mentioning

confidence: 99%

How Metabolic Rate Relates to Cell Size

Glazier

2022

Biology

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Metabolic rate and its covariation with body mass vary substantially within and among species in little understood ways. Here, I critically review explanations (and supporting data) concerning how cell size and number and their establishment by cell expansion and multiplication may affect metabolic rate and its scaling with body mass. Cell size and growth may affect size-specific metabolic rate, as well as the vertical elevation (metabolic level) and slope (exponent) of metabolic scaling relationships. Mechanistic causes of negative correlations between cell size and metabolic rate may involve reduced resource supply and/or demand in larger cells, related to decreased surface area per volume, larger intracellular resource-transport distances, lower metabolic costs of ionic regulation, slower cell multiplication and somatic growth, and larger intracellular deposits of metabolically inert materials in some tissues. A cell-size perspective helps to explain some (but not all) variation in metabolic rate and its body-mass scaling and thus should be included in any multi-mechanistic theory attempting to explain the full diversity of metabolic scaling. A cell-size approach may also help conceptually integrate studies of the biological regulation of cellular growth and metabolism with those concerning major transitions in ontogenetic development and associated shifts in metabolic scaling.

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“…Triploidization affected activities of main regulatory enzymes in S . trutta (Lahnsteiner et al ., 2019) and O . mykiss (Babaheydari et al ., 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…fontinalis – Stillwell & Benfey, 1996, S . trutta – Lahnsteiner et al ., 2019) and stress response ( S . fontinalis – Hyndman et al ., 2003, Atlantic salmon S .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal differences in thermal stress susceptibility of diploid and triploid brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Teleostei, Pisces)

Lahnsteiner

2022

Journal of Fish Biology

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Many physiological processes of teleost fish show periodicity due to intrinsic rhythms. It may be hypothesized that also susceptibility to thermal stress differs seasonally. To shed more light on this problem the following experiment was conducted. Diploid and triploid Salvelinus fontinalis were kept at an acclimation temperature of 9°C and at a natural photoperiod typical for the Northern Hemisphere during their entire live. During eight different periods of the year, different subgroups were exposed to a 32 day lasting thermal stress of 20°C. Rate of fish maintaining equilibrium, daily growth rate, condition factor, viscerosomatic index and hepato‐somatic index were measured. Complementary mRNA expression of genes characterizing growth (GHR1, GHR2), proteolysis (Protreg, Protα5), stress (Hsp47, Hsp90) and respiratory energy metabolism (ATPJ52) was determined. Seasonal differences in thermal stress susceptibility of 2n and 3n S. fontinalis were detected. It was highest from September to December and moderate from January to March. During the remaining period of the year, susceptibility to thermal stress was minimal. Increased thermal stress susceptibility was related to decreased rates of fish maintaining equilibrium, decreased growth rates, reduction of viscera and liver mass and changes in mRNA expression of genes characterizing proteolysis, growth, respiratory energy metabolism and stress. The differences in seasonal stress susceptibility were minor between 2n and 3n S. fontinalis. The data are valuable for ecology and fish culture to identify periods when animals are most susceptible to thermal stress.

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Differences in metabolism of triploid and diploidSalmo trutta f. lacustrisunder acclimation conditions and after exposure to stress situations

Cited by 11 publications

References 44 publications

Genome Size Covaries More Positively with Propagule Size than Adult Size: New Insights into an Old Problem

Genome Size Covaries More Positively with Propagule Size than Adult Size: New Insights into an Old Problem

How Metabolic Rate Relates to Cell Size

Seasonal differences in thermal stress susceptibility of diploid and triploid brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Teleostei, Pisces)

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