Differences in muscle and fat accretion in Japanese Black and European cattle

Gotoh, Takafumi; Albrecht, Elke; Teuscher, F.; Kono, Kenji; Sakashita, Kunihito; Iwamoto, Hisao; Wegner, J.

doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2009.01.026

Cited by 113 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Among the studied bovine extreme genotypes, Belgian Blue and Holstein Friesian have 10-and 2.5-fold higher leanto-fat ratios than Japanese Black steers at 24 to 26 months of age (however, these figures were maximized by feeding low v. high concentrate diets, respectively, (Gotoh et al, 2009)). Muscle hypertrophy (20% higher muscle mass on average than other cattle breeds) concomitant to adipose atrophy in the double-muscled Belgian Blue (Bellinge et al, 2005) contributes to its extremely high lean-to-fat ratio, while the reverse is observed in the Japanese Black (Zembayashi, 1994).…”

Section: Nutritional and Physiological Control Of Muscular And At Growthmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In addition, double-muscled compared with conventional cattle and Charolais selected for high v. low muscle growth capacity have muscles with a higher proportion of fast glycolytic fibres (Cassar-Malek et al, 2005;Picard et al, 2006) and a lower intramuscular fat content (Gotoh et al, 2009), as observed Interaction between adipose tissue and muscle between genotypes with a high v. low lean-to-fat ratio (May et al, 1994;Bellmann et al, 2004). This is accompanied by a reduced expression of proteins related to oxidative and lipid metabolism in muscle (Bouley et al, 2005;Wang et al, 2005;Bonnet et al, 2007;Jurie et al, 2007;Graugnard et al, 2009).…”

Section: Nutritional and Physiological Control Of Muscular And At Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ontogenesis of muscle and adipose tissues and their interactions in ruminants and other species

Bonnet

Cassar-Malek

Chilliard

et al. 2010

Animal

113

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The lean-to-fat ratio, that is, the relative masses of muscle and adipose tissue, is a criterion for the yield and quality of bovine carcasses and meat. This review describes the interactions between muscle and adipose tissue (AT) that may regulate the dynamic balance between the number and size of muscle v. adipose cells. Muscle and adipose tissue in cattle grow by an increase in the number of cells (hyperplasia), mainly during foetal life. The total number of muscle fibres is set by the end of the second trimester of gestation. By contrast, the number of adipocytes is never set. Number of adipocytes increases mainly before birth until 1 year of age, depending on the anatomical location of the adipose tissue. Hyperplasia concerns brown pre-adipocytes during foetal life and white pre-adipocytes from a few weeks after birth. A decrease in the number of secondary myofibres and an increase in adiposity in lambs born from mothers severely underfed during early pregnancy suggest a balance in the commitment of a common progenitor into the myogenic or adipogenic lineages, or a reciprocal regulation of the commitment of two distinct progenitors. The developmental origin of white adipocytes is a subject of debate. Molecular and histological data suggested a possible transdifferentiation of brown into white adipocytes, but this hypothesis has now been challenged by the characterization of distinct precursor cells for brown and white adipocytes in mice. Increased nutrient storage in fully differentiated muscle fibres and adipocytes, resulting in cell enlargement (hypertrophy), is thought to be the main mechanism, whereby muscle and fat masses increase in growing cattle. Competition or prioritization between adipose and muscle cells for the uptake and metabolism of nutrients is suggested, besides the successive waves of growth of muscle v. adipose tissue, by the inhibited or delayed adipose tissue growth in bovine genotypes exhibiting strong muscular development. This competition or prioritization occurs through cellular signalling pathways and the secretion of proteins by adipose tissue (adipokines) and muscle (myokines), putatively regulating their hypertrophy in a reciprocal manner. Further work on the mechanisms underlying cross-talk between brown or white adipocytes and muscle fibres will help to achieve better understanding as a prerequisite to improving the control of body growth and composition in cattle.

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Section: Nutritional and Physiological Control Of Muscular And At Growthmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Nutritional and Physiological Control Of Muscular And At Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogenesis of muscle and adipose tissues and their interactions in ruminants and other species

Bonnet

Cassar-Malek

Chilliard

et al. 2010

Animal

113

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“…Breeds such as German Angus and Holstein produce carcasses with an IMF content of around 4.4% to 4.7% at 24 months of age, and Japanese Black accumulated up to 23.3%, while others such as Belgian Blue attained no more than 0.6% (Gotoh et al, 2009). In addition, genetic selection in meat animals has favoured lean carcasses, leading to a reduction in the IMF content in beef.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of genes involved in adipogenesis and lipid metabolism in subcutaneous adipose tissue and longissimus muscle in low-marbled Pirenaica beef cattle

Soret

Mendizábal

Arana

et al. 2016

animal

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The ability to accumulate intramuscular fat (IMF) is a highly variable characteristic in beef cattle. In breeds with a low tendency to accumulate IMF, this can lead to compromised meat quality because of the contribution of fat to such organoleptic attributes as juiciness and taste. This study considered adiposity and gene expression of some of the main markers involved in adipogenesis and lipid metabolism in the subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissue (AT) and the longissimus thoracis muscle (LM) and investigated differences in adipogenic regulation between the tissues during growth and fattening under different conditions. Pirenaica beef cattle were chosen for the study due to the breed's low tendency to accumulate IMF and the breed's regional importance. The young Pirenaica bulls used (n = 16) were allocated to four groups and slaughtered at 6, 12 and 18 months. From 12 months onwards the bulls slaughtered at 18 months were fed diets having different energy densities. Backfat thickness increased from 6 to 12 months (P < 0.05) but then was unchanged, while other fattening parameters such as percentage chemical fat and marbling did not vary. The adipose cell size distribution displayed a bimodal distribution for SC adipocytes and a unimodal distribution for IMF cells, suggestive of tissue-specific hyperplasia. Gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARG), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (CEBPA), sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1), wingless-type MMTV integration site family 10B (WNT10B), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), acetyl Co-A carboxylase α, lipoprotein lipase and fatty acid synthase (FASN) were determined by real-time quantitative PCR. Expression did not differ between the experimental groups within the tissues but did differ between the tissues: PPARG, FABP4 and FASN were upregulated in the SC AT, while CEBPA, WNT10B and SREBF1 were upregulated in the LM. Although age and diet energy density did not have a significant effect on increasing the amount of IMF, these factors could have influenced adipocyte development in this tissue differently than in the SC AT. This was evidenced by the different size distributions of the cells in the two tissues, and the differing expression patterns of certain markers in the SC AT and the LM, which may indicate a differential role of PPARG and WNT10B in triggering adipocyte proliferation and fat accumulation capacity.

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“…However, genetics is a strong driver of marbling, such that in elite Wagyu animals IMF can exceed 50% in skeletal muscle (Gotoh et al, 2009), whereas in other breeds such as Brahman the figure averages <5%. IMF is also influenced by environmental factors such as diet, particularly through vitamin A restriction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal muscle gene expression patterns associated with differential intramuscular fat in cattle

Hudson

Reverter

Greenwood

et al. 2015

Animal

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Intramuscular fat (IMF) can improve meat product quality through its impact on flavour and juiciness. High marbling cuts can command premium prices in some countries and grading systems, but there is substantial cost involved in choosing to grain feed animals in an effort to deposit more IMF. There would be value in developing methods to predict predisposition to 'marble' well. Unfortunately, the biological mechanisms underpinning marbling remain a mystery: the key adipocyte cell populations have not been defined, there are no reliable DNA markers, no known (if any) causal mutations and gene expression analyses in the main have tended to characterise increases in expression of end-point fat metabolism proteins such as the fatty acid-binding proteins. To shed light on expression-based markers of marbling potential, we contrasted LD gene expression in high IMF Wagyu cross animals with a low IMF Piedmontese cross at various time points. The expected divergence in the fat metabolism genes FABP4, THRSP, CIDEC and ACACA between the breeds occurs surprisingly late in postnatal development at about 20 months. On the other hand, divergent expression of WISP2, RAI14 and CYP4F2 was discovered in animals at or before 12 months of age, suggesting these genes may have potential as earlier predictors of marbling potential. In line with other researchers, we found intriguing links between IMF development and connective tissue remodelling. WISP2 -a novel adipokine highly expressed and secreted by adipose precursor cells and an inhibitor of the pro-fibrotic connective tissue growth factor -emerges as a particularly attractive candidate. It is relatively upregulated in high marbling Wagyu before admission to feedlotting, somewhere between 7 and 12 months. This difference is subsequently maintained until 25 months, but not thereafter. RAI14, thought to play a role in porcine adipocyte differentiation and with links to retinoic acid metabolism, has an unusual expression profile. Its expression level increases monotonically with postnatal development, and is always higher in Wagyu than Piedmontese. Strong, sustained upregulation of the anti-inflammatory CYP4F2 in Piedmontese is consistent with Wagyu adiposity being a pro-inflammatory state. Application of regulatory impact factor analysis, a network method for identifying causal effector molecules, suggests marbling roles for transcription factors previously implicated in (1) the formation of liposarcoma (unconstrained fatty masses) (YEATS4, MDM2), (2) adipogenesis (CREBL2, SP1, STAT1) and (3) inflammation (ISGF3G, HOXB13, PML).

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Differences in muscle and fat accretion in Japanese Black and European cattle

Cited by 113 publications

References 17 publications

Ontogenesis of muscle and adipose tissues and their interactions in ruminants and other species

Ontogenesis of muscle and adipose tissues and their interactions in ruminants and other species

Expression of genes involved in adipogenesis and lipid metabolism in subcutaneous adipose tissue and longissimus muscle in low-marbled Pirenaica beef cattle

Longitudinal muscle gene expression patterns associated with differential intramuscular fat in cattle

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