Differences in Plantar Foot Pressure and COP between Flat and Normal Feet During Walking

Han, Jin Tae; Koo, Hyun Mo; Jung, Jae Min; Kim, Yeun Jung; Lee, Jung Hoon

doi:10.1589/jpts.23.683

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, there is lack of scientific studies Regarding the correlation between the position of foot axis and heel valgus, we found significant difference in the group with unilateral valgus heel position where the foot axis was rotated more medially in the limb with valgus heel position. This correlates with the results of Han et al (2011), which states medial foot deviation in the flatfoot. However, the authors presented the results concerning bilateral valgus and non-valgus groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Ledoux and Hillstrom (2002) found increased loading below the big toe in bilateral valgus heel position, with general overloading of the first foot ray. Han et al (2011) found significant reduction in foot loading in the fourth and fifth metatarsals and in the lateral part of the heel in bilateral flatfoot. Their conclusion correlates with the results of our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Increased load in the medial part of the foot occurs during malfunctioning of the foot arch (Han et al, 2011;Ledoux & Hillstrom, 2002;Valmassy, 1996;etc.). Inadequate pressure distribution at the foot's area, often with valgus heel position, may cause medial deviation of the foot axis and also affect the position of the proximal body segments, especially at the hip joint and the pelvis (Duval, Lam, & Sanderson, 2010;Franz, Paylo, Dicharry, Riley, & Kerrigan, 2009;Khamis & Yizhar, 2007;etc.).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The function of the foot arch to lower plantar loading in the metatarsal heads thus fails, and increased loading mainly in the medial part of the foot can be detected (Han, Koo, Jung, Kim, & Lee, 2011;Ledoux & Hillstrom, 2002;Valmassy, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The influence of valgus heel position on foot loading in a child's gait

Martinásková¹,

Honzíková²,

Janura³

et al. 2012

Acta Gymnica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: Flat foot is a typical clinical sign in childhood, expressed as valgus positioning of the heel during vertical foot loading. This may lead to medial deviation of the foot axis and cause overloading of some foot areas.OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of valgus position of the heel (both bilateral and unilateral) on foot loading during gait.METHODS: An experimental group consisting of children with bilateral heel valgus deformity (16 children, age 5.3 ± 1.3 years) and children with unilateral heel valgus deformity (14 children, age 5.6 ± 1.6 years). The control group comprised of 14 children (age 4.5 ± 1.2 years). For measuring foot loading during gait, the Footscan (RSScan International, Olen, Belgium) pressure plate was used. Each subject went through 8 trials of gait measurement. From each trial, 8 foot areas were evaluated. Data processing with mean values for each subject was performed by non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests, Spearman correlation) in the STATISTICA programme (StatSoft, Inc., Tulsa, OK, USA).RESULTS: Pressure peak and pressure impulse in the first metatarsal was greater for the bilateral valgus group (p < 0.01) in comparison to the control group. The group with unilateral valgus deformity showed greater pressure peak in the medial heel (p < 0.05), lower pressure peak in the third metatarsal (p < 0.01), lower pressure impulse in the fourth metatarsal (p < 0.05) and lower pressure peak (p < 0.05) and impulse (p < 0.01) in the fifth metatarsal on the limb with non-valgus position of heel when compared to the limb with valgus heel position.CONCLUSION: The results show that valgus positioning of the heel influences foot loading in children during gait. The findings of this study suggest the necessity of a complex solution to the problem of preventing further progression of pathological changes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The influence of valgus heel position on foot loading in a child's gait

Martinásková¹,

Honzíková²,

Janura³

et al. 2012

Acta Gymnica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As the foot determines the base of support geometry and dynamic variability of CoP, foot problems can affect CoP path and parameters (6-9). Furthermore, as CoP is the mean of all pressures applied to the plantar surface of the foot, any deformity in foot shape can alter its path and parameters (8, 10, 11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue Effect on Linear Center of Pressure Measures during Gait in People with Flat Feet

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundFlat foot, as one of the common foot deformities can affect gait biomechanics and risk of lower extremity injury. Fatigue, as a high load task, can also change biomechanical parameters of locomotion. Studying normal and flat footed individuals under high load tasks such as fatigue can elucidate their differences more easily.ObjectivesIn this study, center of pressure (CoP) changes were studied between individuals with flat and normal feet after fatigue. CoP is one of the important gait measures which can show various biomechanical behaviors of different foot shapes.MethodsSeventeen subjects with normal feet and 17 with flat feet walked across two force plates before and after a functional fatigue protocol. Standard deviation of CoP in mediolateral direction (SD of CoPx) and in anteroposterior direction (SD of CoPy), overall mean velocity of CoP and length of CoP construction line of both groups were analyzed. The values of SD of CoPy and length of CoP construction line were normalized to individual foot lengths prior to statistical analyses.ResultsThere were no significant between-subject effects for all CoP measures. The only significant finding was the within-subject effect for the SD of CoPy (P = 0.008) with a large effect size (partial eta squared = 0.21). Fatigue resulted in lower SD of CoPy in both groups.ConclusionsLower SD of CoPy indicates less fluctuation of CoPy and a probable less center of mass movement which could reduce the risk of injury. Furthermore, the similar fatigue response in both groups of individuals with normal and flat feet indicates a similar biomechanical behavior despite their different foot arch height.

show abstract

An explorative investigation of functional differences in plantar center of pressure of four foot types using sample entropy method

Mei

Ivanov

Zhao

et al. 2016

Med Biol Eng Comput

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the study of biomechanics of different foot types, temporal or spatial parameters derived from plantar pressure are often used. However, there is no comparative study of complexity and regularity of the center of pressure (CoP) during the stance phase among pes valgus, pes cavus, hallux valgus and normal foot. We aim to analyze whether CoP sample entropy characteristics differ among these four foot types. In our experiment participated 40 subjects with normal feet, 40 with pes cavus, 19 with pes valgus and 36 with hallux valgus. A Footscan® system was used to collect CoP data. We used sample entropy to quantify several parameters of the investigated four foot types. These are the displacement in medial–lateral (M/L) and anterior–posterior (A/P) directions, as well as the vertical ground reaction force of CoP during the stance phase. To fully examine the potential of the sample entropy method for quantification of CoP components, we provide results for two cases: calculating the sample entropy of normalized CoP components, as well as calculating it using the raw data of CoP components. We also explored what are the optimal values of parameters m (the matching length) and r (the tolerance range) when calculating the sample entropy of CoP data obtained during the stance phases. According to statistical results, some factors significantly influenced the sample entropy of CoP components. The sample entropies of non-normalized A/P values for the left foot, as well as for the right foot, were different between the normal foot and pes valgus, and between the normal foot and hallux valgus. The sample entropy of normalized M/L displacement of the right foot was different between the normal foot and pes cavus. The measured variable for A/P and M/L displacements could serve for the study of foot function.

show abstract

Differences in Plantar Foot Pressure and COP between Flat and Normal Feet During Walking

Cited by 32 publications

References 30 publications

The influence of valgus heel position on foot loading in a child's gait

The influence of valgus heel position on foot loading in a child's gait

Fatigue Effect on Linear Center of Pressure Measures during Gait in People with Flat Feet

An explorative investigation of functional differences in plantar center of pressure of four foot types using sample entropy method

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About