Differences in Prevalence of Refractive Errors in Young Asian Males in Singapore between 1996–1997 and 2009–2010

Koh, Victor; Yang, Adeline; Saw, Seang Mei; Chan, Yiong Huak; Lin, Sheng Tong; Tan, Mellisa; Tey, Frederick; Nah, Gerard; Ikram, M. Kamran

doi:10.3109/09286586.2014.928824

Cited by 108 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The prevalence of mild myopia [defined as spherical equivalent refraction (SER) <À0.5 dioptres (D)] and high myopia (defined as SER < À6.0 D) was estimated to be 81.6-96.5% and 6.8-21.6%, respectively (Lee et al 2011(Lee et al , 2013aKoh et al 2014). The prevalence of mild myopia [defined as spherical equivalent refraction (SER) <À0.5 dioptres (D)] and high myopia (defined as SER < À6.0 D) was estimated to be 81.6-96.5% and 6.8-21.6%, respectively (Lee et al 2011(Lee et al , 2013aKoh et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Myopia is a common pathology in Asian eyes. The prevalence of mild myopia [defined as spherical equivalent refraction (SER) <À0.5 dioptres (D)] and high myopia (defined as SER < À6.0 D) was estimated to be 81.6-96.5% and 6.8-21.6%, respectively (Lee et al 2011(Lee et al , 2013aKoh et al 2014). Complications of pathologic myopia can be irreversible and associated with significant ocular morbidities including rhegmatogenous retinal detachments and myopic maculopathy (Saw et al 2005(Saw et al , 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peripheral retinal changes in highly myopic young Asian eyes

Chen

Koh

Tan

et al. 2018

Acta Ophthalmologica

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral retinal changes in highly myopic young Asian eyes

Chen

Koh

Tan

et al. 2018

Acta Ophthalmologica

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“…The prevalence of myopia has dramatically risen over the past 60 years with significant regional variations in myopia prevalence across the world, from approximately 15 per cent of adults in Australia, to 70–90 per cent in South East Asian countries such as China, South Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan . By 2050, it is estimated that 50 per cent of the global population will be myopic (> −0.50 D), with one‐fifth of these being highly myopic (> −5.00 D) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Higher order aberrations, refractive error development and myopia control: a review

Hughes

Vincent

Read

et al. 2020

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Evidence from animal and human studies suggests that ocular growth is influenced by visual experience. Reduced retinal image quality and imposed optical defocus result in predictable changes in axial eye growth. Higher order aberrations are optical imperfections of the eye that alter retinal image quality despite optimal correction of spherical defocus and astigmatism. Since higher order aberrations reduce retinal image quality and produce variations in optical vergence across the entrance pupil of the eye, they may provide optical signals that contribute to the regulation and modulation of eye growth and refractive error development. The magnitude and type of higher order aberrations vary with age, refractive error, and during near work and accommodation. Furthermore, distinctive changes in higher order aberrations occur with various myopia control treatments, including atropine, near addition spectacle lenses, orthokeratology and soft multifocal and dual‐focus contact lenses. Several plausible mechanisms have been proposed by which higher order aberrations may influence axial eye growth, the development of refractive error, and the treatment effect of myopia control interventions. Future studies of higher order aberrations, particularly during childhood, accommodation, and treatment with myopia control interventions are required to further our understanding of their potential role in refractive error development and eye growth.

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“…In parallel, the prevalence of high myopia, usually defined as À5 or more or À6 dioptres or more of myopia, has increased, with prevalences approximating 20% in some young Asian populations (Lin et al 2004;Koh et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of macular complications related to myopia – Results of a multicenter evaluation of myopic patients in eye clinics in France

Leveziel

Marillet

Dufour

et al. 2019

Acta Ophthalmologica

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Purpose Uncorrected refractive errors are the first cause of vision impairment worldwide. High myopia is a frequent cause of sight‐threatening chorioretinal complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of macular complications, visual impairment and blindness in patients with myopia. Methods A cross‐sectional multicenter study carried out in French eye clinics mainly dedicated to refractive errors. Myopia severity was defined as mild (−0.5 to −3 D), moderate (−3 to −6 D), high (−6 to −10 D) and very high (more than −10 D). Macular complications related to myopia included lacquer cracks, myopic choroidal neovascularization, chorioretinal atrophy and retinoschisis. The prevalences of macular complications, blindness and vision impairment were estimated with respect to degree of myopia and age. Eligibility criteria were myopia on the left eye of −0.5 D or more. Exclusion criteria included any missing data related to subjective refractive error, age, gender and any history of cataract or refractive surgery. Results Data files from 198 641 myopic individuals with a mean age of 34 years (SD: 15 years) were analysed. The prevalence of mild, moderate, high and very high myopia was, respectively, 65.95%, 26.14%, 6.72% and 1.19%. The prevalence of macular complications in the high and very high myopia groups was 0.5% [0.39–0.64] and 4.27% [3.49–5.17]. The prevalence of blindness or vision impairment was observed in 10.10% [8.91–11.39%] of the very high myopic group. At 60 years old or over, the prevalences of blindness or vision impairment were, respectively, 9.75% [7.91–11.85%] and 25.71% [21.00–30.87%] in the high and very high myopia groups. Conclusions This multicenter cross‐sectional study provides new insights in terms of prevalence of macular complications related to myopia. To our knowledge, this is one of the largest European studies focusing on individuals with myopia, particularly on the macular complications and the functional consequences in relation to myopia.

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Differences in Prevalence of Refractive Errors in Young Asian Males in Singapore between 1996–1997 and 2009–2010

Abstract: Our results show that the prevalence of myopia and high myopia remained high and the prevalence of astigmatism increased in young male adults in Singapore over a 13-year period after controlling for age, education and ethnicity.

Cited by 108 publications

References 37 publications

Peripheral retinal changes in highly myopic young Asian eyes

Peripheral retinal changes in highly myopic young Asian eyes

Higher order aberrations, refractive error development and myopia control: a review

Prevalence of macular complications related to myopia – Results of a multicenter evaluation of myopic patients in eye clinics in France

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