Differences in the levels of inflammatory markers between metabolically healthy obese and other obesity phenotypes in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Su, Zhouli; Efremov, Ljupcho; Mikolajczyk, Rafael

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2023.09.002

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 135 publications

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“…Lund et al observed that a more severe low-grade inflammation, measured by fasting serum high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) level, independently predicts a greater cardiometabolic risk, and more severe dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in children with obesity or overweight [80]. Besides, a meta-analysis of 91 studies with 435 007 participants indicated that metabolically unhealthy obese individuals have higher serum levels of CRP and IL6 than metabolically healthy obese individuals [81].…”

Section: Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathophysiological Associations Between Obesity, NAFLD, and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases

Li,

Cui,

et al. 2024

Horm Metab Res

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Obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases are common and growing public health concerns. Previous epidemiological studies unfolded the robust correlation between obesity, NAFLD, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Obesity is a well-known risk factor for NAFLD, and both of them can markedly increase the odds of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, significant weight loss achieved by lifestyle modification, bariatric surgery, or medications, such as semaglutide, can concomitantly improve NAFLD and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, certain pathophysiological links are involved in the development of NAFLD in obesity, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in obesity and NAFLD. Moreover, recent studies indicated that simultaneously targeting several mechanisms by tirzepatide and retatrutide leads to greater weight loss and markedly improves the complications of metabolic syndrome. These findings remind the importance of a mechanistic viewpoint for breaking the association between obesity, NAFLD, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. In this review article, we mainly focus on shared pathophysiological mechanisms, including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, GLP1 signaling, inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, gut dysbiosis, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) overactivity, and endothelial dysfunction. Most of these pathophysiological alterations are primarily initiated by obesity. The development of NAFLD further exacerbates these molecular and cellular alterations, leading to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease development or progression as the final manifestation of molecular perturbation. A better insight into these mechanisms makes it feasible to develop new multi-target approaches to simultaneously unhinge the deleterious chain of events linking obesity and NAFLD to atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.

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Section: Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathophysiological Associations Between Obesity, NAFLD, and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases

Li,

Cui,

et al. 2024

Horm Metab Res

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Biomarkers of intestinal permeability are associated with inflammation in metabolically healthy obesity but not normal-weight obesity

Keirns,

Medlin,

Maki

et al. 2024

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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This is the first study to our knowledge to examine biomarkers of intestinal permeability in normal-weight obesity and one of few assessing microbiota compositions in this population. Additionally, we report that individuals with metabolically healthy obesity and metabolically unhealthy obesity displayed similar evidence of intestinal permeability, which was more strongly associated with systemic inflammation than total and visceral adipose tissue mass.

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Systemic Inflammation Across Metabolic Obesity Phenotypes: A Cross-Sectional Study of Korean Adults Using High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein as a Biomarker

Baek,

Yoon

2024

IJMS

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Chronic systemic inflammation is a hallmark of obesity. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between metabolic obesity phenotypes and inflammatory markers in Korean adults (N = 21,112; mean age: 50.9 ± 16.6). Metabolic obesity phenotypes were categorized into metabolically healthy non-obesity (MHNO), metabolically unhealthy non-obesity (MUNO), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) based on body mass index and the presence of any metabolic abnormalities. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels were measured. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the association between obesity phenotypes and hs-CRP levels. In the male sample, compared to the MHNO type, the MUNO, MHO, and MUO types were associated with a 22.3% (95% confidence interval; CI: 14.7–30.3%), 15.8% (95% CI: 2.6–30.7%), and 12.5% (95% CI: 3.0–22.9%) increase in the hs-CRP levels, respectively. The association between metabolic obesity types and hs-CRP levels was stronger among the female sample; compared to the MHNO type, the MUNO, MHO, and MUO types were associated with a 30.2% (95% CI: 22.8–38.2%), 16.0% (95% CI: 6.5–26.4%), and 22.8% (95% CI: 13.6–32.8%) increase in the hs-CRP levels, respectively. Our findings indicate a varying profile of systemic inflammation across different metabolic obesity phenotypes.

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Differences in the levels of inflammatory markers between metabolically healthy obese and other obesity phenotypes in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 135 publications

The Pathophysiological Associations Between Obesity, NAFLD, and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases

The Pathophysiological Associations Between Obesity, NAFLD, and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases

Biomarkers of intestinal permeability are associated with inflammation in metabolically healthy obesity but not normal-weight obesity

Systemic Inflammation Across Metabolic Obesity Phenotypes: A Cross-Sectional Study of Korean Adults Using High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein as a Biomarker

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