Differences in the mass and quality of the quadriceps with age and sex and their relationships with knee extension strength

Mizuno, Takafumi; Matsui, Yasumoto; Tomida, Makiko; Suzuki, Yasuo; Nishita, Yukiko; Tange, Chikako; Shimokata, Hiroshi; Imagama, Shiro; Otsuka, Rei; Arai, Hidenori

doi:10.1002/jcsm.12715

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…From the 10‐mm‐thick slices, the images of the right midthigh at the centre of the end‐to‐end images were analysed to measure thigh, quadriceps, vastus lateralis, and subcutaneous CSA by SliceOmatic Ver 4.3 software (TomoVision, Magog, Canada). Moreover, manual range selection was used to measure the intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) of CSA in thigh, according to the procedure of Mizuno et al 16 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of resistance training intensity on muscle quantity/quality in middle‐aged and older people: a randomized controlled trial

Otsuka

Yamada

Maeda

et al. 2022

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Background A sarcopenia diagnosis is confirmed by the presence of low muscle quantity or quality under the 2018 revised definition by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2. Imaging methods [i.e. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)], dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA), and bioelectrical impedance analysis are tools to evaluate muscle quantity or quality. The present study aimed to investigate whether and how low‐intensity and moderate‐intensity resistance training improved both muscle quantity and quality measured by MRI, DXA, and segmental bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (S‐BIS) in middle‐aged and older people. Methods A single‐blind, randomized, controlled trial was conducted. Community‐dwelling people aged 50–79 years were randomly allocated to no exercise (no‐Ex), low‐intensity exercise (low‐Ex), and moderate‐intensity exercise (moderate‐Ex) groups. Participants in the exercise groups performed resistance training for 24 weeks, with loads of 40% and 60% of one repetition maximum in the low‐Ex and moderate‐Ex groups, respectively. Cross‐sectional area (CSA), lean mass, and muscle electrical properties on S‐BIS were used to determine the effects of training interventions on muscle quantity and quality of the lower limbs. Results Fifty participants (no‐Ex 17, age 63.5 ± 8.5 years, women 47.1%; low‐Ex 16, age 63.6 ± 8.1 years, women 50.0%; moderate‐Ex 17, age 63.5 ± 8.3 years, women 52.9%) completed the 24 week exercise intervention. For the primary outcome, significant intervention effects were found in thigh muscle CSA on MRI between the moderate‐Ex and no‐Ex groups (+6.8 cm2, P < 0.01). Low‐Ex for 24 weeks only increased quadriceps CSA (+2.3 cm2, P < 0.05). The per cent change of thigh muscle CSA (+7.0%, P < 0.01) after 24 week moderate‐Ex was higher than that of leg lean mass on DXA (+2.3%, P = 0.088). Moderate‐Ex for 24 weeks also improved S‐BIS electrical properties related to muscle quantity and quality, including the intracellular resistance index (+0.1 cm2/Ω, P < 0.05), membrane capacitance (+0.7 nF, P < 0.05), and phase angle (+0.3 deg, P < 0.05); their changes were positively correlated with that of thigh muscle CSA (P < 0.01). Conclusions Resistance exercise with moderate intensity improved muscle quantity and quality measured by MRI and S‐BIS, whereas that with low intensity only increased muscle quantity in middle‐aged and older people. The comparisons among the responses to exercise between the assessment methods indicate the greater value of MRI and S‐BIS to measure changes of muscle quantity and quality than of lean mass measured by DXA for assessing the local effects of resistance training.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, manual range selection was used to measure the intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) of CSA in thigh, according to the procedure of Mizuno et al . 16 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of resistance training intensity on muscle quantity/quality in middle‐aged and older people: a randomized controlled trial

Otsuka

Yamada

Maeda

et al. 2022

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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“…As the LLMQ used in this study was LS per unit kilogram of lower limb muscle, the relationship between LLMQ and walking speed followed the results of previous studies, 3,4 showing a correlation between lower walking speed and lower limb muscle weakness. In a previous study on lower extremity muscle quality, Mizuno et al 22 found a significant relationship between knee extensor strength and computed tomography values of the vastus medialis muscle in women (β = 0.20, P = 0.025), suggesting that dysfunction of type I fibers in the vastus medialis muscle due to fat infiltration may lead to decreased knee extensor strength. Furthermore, excessive infiltration of adipose tissue into the muscle tissue did not correlate with the size of the muscle cross-sectional area, but was associated with decreased muscle strength and physical performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Lower limb muscle quality and phase angle contribute to the reduced walking speed among older adults

Hirano

Yamada

Matsui

et al. 2022

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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Aim This cross‐sectional study aimed to determine the predictors of a walking speed <1 m/s. Factors associated with the health of muscle cells, including the phase angle analyzed using bioimpedance analysis, answers to the mini‐nutritional assessment‐short form, albumin levels, leg muscle quality and vitamin D levels, were assessed. Methods The study participants were outpatients from the Locomotor Frailty Outpatient Clinic which was established at our center in 2016 (231 women, 76.5 ± 7.6 years; 137 men, 78.0 ± 6.3 years). Participants were classified into two groups, with 1 m/s walking speed as the cutoff value. Binominal logistic regression analysis was performed with walking speed as the dependent variable, and age, leg muscle quality, mini‐nutritional assessment‐short form answers, albumin levels, vitamin D levels and the phase angle as explanatory variables. Leg muscle quality was defined as the mean value of both lower limbs' isometric knee extensor strength, divided by the mean value of both lower limbs' muscle mass through bioimpedance analysis. Results The explanatory variables associated with decreased walking speed among women were leg muscle quality (P = 0.004, odds ratio: 0.57) and phase angle (P = 0.017, odds ratio: 0.42). Men were also more likely to have leg muscle quality (P = 0.004, odds ratio: 0.43). Conclusions Leg muscle quality and the phase angle of lower extremities were independently associated with low walking speeds (<1 m/s) among older outpatients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 603–609.

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“…Mizuno et al reported that, in healthy subjects, longitudinal changes in quadriceps muscles mass and CT attenuation were different between males and females. 28 Furthermore, female COPD patients have been reported to have less muscle mass, higher EI, and less PA. 8 Therefore, it is unclear whether similar results can be obtained in female subjects. Third, most of the participants had moderate‐to‐severe airflow obstruction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, all participants were male. Mizuno et al reported that, in healthy subjects, longitudinal changes in quadriceps muscles mass and CT attenuation were different between males and females 28 . Furthermore, female COPD patients have been reported to have less muscle mass, higher EI, and less PA 8 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Objective physical activity level is associated with rectus femoris muscle echo‐intensity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Okura

Iwakura

Kawagoshi

et al. 2022

Clinical Respiratory J

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Introduction Skeletal muscle dysfunction is one of the major extrapulmonary complications of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Some studies have reported a relationship between physical activity (PA) level and skeletal muscle quality assessed by echo‐intensity (EI) in healthy individuals but not in patients with COPD. Objectives The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships between PA level and both skeletal muscle EI and skeletal muscle mass in patients with COPD. Methods We employed a cross‐sectional design. Forty male outpatients with stable COPD were enrolled. Using B‐mode ultrasonography, we measured the rectus femoris muscle cross‐sectional area (RF‐CSA) and EI (RF‐EI). The RF‐CSA and RF‐EI were measured on frozen images using an electronic caliper and 8‐bit gray‐scale analysis, respectively. The objective PA level was determined by monitoring daily step counts and moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity time (MVPA) with an activity monitor. A general regression model was used to assess the relationships between PA level and both RF‐CSA and RF‐EI. Age and body mass index (BMI) were adopted as confounding variables. Results Twenty‐five outpatients with stable COPD (age, 70 ± 7 years old; forced expiratory volume in 1 s, 55.0 ± 24.9% of predicted values) were finally enrolled in the present study. Even after adjusting for age and BMI, the daily step counts and MVPA were significantly associated with RF‐EI, and knee extensor force was associated with RF‐CSA. Conclusion The present study showed that PA level was associated with RF‐EI in patients with COPD. In addition, RF‐CSA was associated with knee extensor force. When assessing skeletal muscle using ultrasonography in patients with COPD, we should also assess EI.

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Differences in the mass and quality of the quadriceps with age and sex and their relationships with knee extension strength

Cited by 31 publications

References 41 publications

Effects of resistance training intensity on muscle quantity/quality in middle‐aged and older people: a randomized controlled trial

Effects of resistance training intensity on muscle quantity/quality in middle‐aged and older people: a randomized controlled trial

Lower limb muscle quality and phase angle contribute to the reduced walking speed among older adults

Objective physical activity level is associated with rectus femoris muscle echo‐intensity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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