Differences in the Mechanism of In Vitro Immune Hemolysis Related to Antibody Specificity*

Interruption of the Sequential Release of Small and Large Molecules from Tumor Cells by Low Temperature During Cytolysis Mediated by Immune T-Cells or Complement

“…Therefore, we turned to the complement system where the mechanism of lysis of both nucleated cells and red cells is believed to be better understood (9,10). Complement lesions produce increased membrane permeability to molecules of less than about molecular weight 20,000 (11), and the consequent equilibration of ions produces a subsequent colloid osmotic swelling and eventually lysis, i.e., release of the largest soluble cytoplasmic constituents (9).…”

Detection of complement components on unlysed erythrocytes from acid hemolysis and thrombin test reactions in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.

“…In reactions involving human complement, 8l1E-globulin has been identified as C'4 and flic-globulin as the first reacting of the several subcomponents of classical C'3 (20b). Under favorable conditions the above reaction goes to completion, and hemolysis of the erythrocyte ensues, presumably due to complement-mediated membrane damage (21,22). Both flic-globulin and 6luE-globulin are detected on residual, unlysed, normal erythrocytes from human EAC' systems, using the antiglobulin agglutination technique (5,6).…”

Membrane Destruction in Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria

“…Previous studies from our laboratory and others [3,11,12] have indicated that antibody-complement hemolysis is mediated by the production of functional 'holes' in the red cell membrane. The magni tude of these holes has been estimated by utilizing macromolecules of known effective diffusion radius to determine whether they offered protection against colloid osmotic hemolysis.…”