Differences in the Patterns of Health Care System Distrust Between Blacks and Whites

Armstrong, Katrina; McMurphy, Suzanne; Dean, Lorraine T.; Micco, Ellyn; Putt, Mary; Halbert, Chanita Hughes; Schwartz, J. Sanford; Sankar, Pamela; Pyeritz, Reed E.; Bernhardt, Barbara A.; Shea, Judy A.

doi:10.1007/s11606-008-0561-9

Cited by 243 publications

(222 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Previous research has found that whites also report higher levels of trust in medical providers than nonwhites do. 21,22 Severity Of Injury Finally, consonant with results from previous studies, [11][12][13] we found that injury severity matters to patients' responses to error disclosure. Respondents considering serious-injury scenarios were significantly more likely than those considering nonsevere injuries to seek legal advice, change physicians, and view disclosures as motivated by the desire to avoid lawsuits, and were significantly less likely to accept offers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Disclosure-And-Resolution Programs That Include Generous Compensation Offers May Prompt A Complex Patient Response

et al. 2012

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Under "disclosure-and-resolution" programs, health systems disclose adverse events to affected patients and their families; apologize; and, where appropriate, offer compensation. Early adopters of this approach have reported reduced liability costs, but the extent to which these results stem from effective disclosure and apology practices, versus compensation offers, is unknown. Using survey vignettes, we examined the effects of different compensation offers on individuals' responses to disclosures of medical errors compared to explanation and apology alone. Our results show that although two-thirds of these individuals desired compensation offers, increasing the offer amount did not improve key outcomes. Full-compensation offers did not decrease the likelihood of seeking legal advice and increased the likelihood that people perceived the disclosure and apology as motivated by providers' desire to avoid litigation. Hospitals, physicians, and malpractice insurers should consider this complex interplay as they implement similar initiatives. They may benefit from separating disclosure conversations and compensation offers and from excluding physicians from compensation discussions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Disclosure-And-Resolution Programs That Include Generous Compensation Offers May Prompt A Complex Patient Response

et al. 2012

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“…Nonetheless, these pre-ESRD measures may still contribute to the disparate findings in mortality that we observed by race and level of neighborhood SES. Although the access to care may not differ among young adult patients residing in low SES neighborhoods, challenging psychosocial circumstances for low SES young blacks (such as experiences of social stigmatization and discrimination or poor health literacy) may lead to greater distrust in medical institutions, 45 potentially resulting in their underuse of available medical resources and lower medical adherence. 46 These factors may contribute to uncontrolled diabetes 47 and HIV 48 as well as greater rates of dialysis initiations with a catheter 49 and fewer conversions to arteriovenous access 50 among young blacks with low SES.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status, Race, and Mortality in Young Adult Dialysis Patients

Johns

Estrella

Crews

et al. 2014

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

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Young blacks receiving dialysis have an increased risk of death compared with whites in the United States. Factors influencing this disparity among the young adult dialysis population have not been well explored. Our study examined the relation of neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) and racial differences in mortality in United States young adults receiving dialysis. We merged US Renal Data System patient-level data from 11,027 black and white patients ages 18-30 years old initiating dialysis between 2006 and 2009 with US Census data to obtain neighborhood poverty information for each patient. We defined low SES neighborhoods as those neighborhoods in US Census zip codes with $20% of residents living below the federal poverty level and quantified race differences in mortality risk by level of neighborhood SES. Among patients residing in low SES neighborhoods, blacks had greater mortality than whites after adjusting for baseline demographics, clinical characteristics, rurality, and access to care factors. This difference in mortality between blacks and whites was significantly attenuated in higher SES neighborhoods. In the United States, survival between young adult blacks and whites receiving dialysis differs by neighborhood SES. Additional studies are needed to identify modifiable factors contributing to the greater mortality among young adult black dialysis patients residing in low SES neighborhoods.

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“…32 We selected a random sample of 845 individuals over the age of 18 who had been seen at a primary care practice or emergency department with the University of Pennsylvania Health System in the past 3 years. Individuals were eligible if they spoke English and were able to complete a 15-minute interview.…”

Section: Phase 3: Psychometric Analyses and Further Item Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Responders were slightly more likely to be women, older and insured. 32 The telephone interviews were spread over days of the week and times of the day. The telephone interviewers were racially diverse, but no attempt was made to match respondent and interviewer race.…”

Section: Phase 3: Psychometric Analyses and Further Item Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Revised Health Care System Distrust Scale

et al. 2008

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Differences in the Patterns of Health Care System Distrust Between Blacks and Whites

Cited by 243 publications

References 47 publications

Disclosure-And-Resolution Programs That Include Generous Compensation Offers May Prompt A Complex Patient Response

Disclosure-And-Resolution Programs That Include Generous Compensation Offers May Prompt A Complex Patient Response

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status, Race, and Mortality in Young Adult Dialysis Patients

Development of a Revised Health Care System Distrust Scale

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