Differences in the Quality of Food Eaten by Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) Stags and Hinds in Winter

Li, Zongxin; Dong, Shuting; Kongjun, Wang; Liu, Peng; Zhang, Jiwang; Wang, Qingcheng; Liu, Chunxiao

doi:10.2307/2402991

Cited by 95 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This behaviour has also been observed in red deer (Clutton-Brock et al 1982, Staines et al 1982. We do not know what produces this spatial segregation in the herds of each sex, but this segregation can reduce feeding competition, and presumably benefits the females, compensating the costs of breeding and lactation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Sex, seasonal and spatial differences in the diet of Cantabrian chamois Rupicapra pyrenaica parva

Pérez‐Barbería¹,

Oliván²,

Osoro³

et al. 1997

Acta Theriol.

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. 1997. Sex, seasonal and spatial differences in the diet of Cantabrian chamois Rupicapra pyrenaica parva. Acta Theriologica 42: 37-46.The relationships between availability and quality of food, diet composition and habitat use of female and male chamois herds Rupicapra pyrenaica parva (Cabrera, 1911), were investigated in the Cantabrian Mountains (Spain). The two vegetation types studied were grass-forb and shrub. Grass-forb contained higher crude protein and lower fibre than shrub throughout year (crude protein: 17.2% vs 8.6%, p = 0.018; acid detergent fibre: 27.0% vs 35.8%, p = 0.018). The diet of female and male herds showed more grass-forb than shrub (p = 0.012), however, a discrepancy between site selection and bite selection was found. Generally male herds were found in shrub areas although they mainly chose grass-forb in their diet. Female herds had a higher percentage of grass-forb in the diet than male herds throughout the year (81.6% vs 65.6%). Diet composition pattern was similar in both sexes, with a peak of grass-forb in spring and autumn, and a minimum in summer. Both sexes selected grass-forb throughout the year, but its use was increased when its quality was high, independently of quantity available. Females showed higher grazing activity than males throughout year (53% vs 37%, p < 0.0001). Male herds showed less grazing activity during the rut (October-November) in comparison with the rest of the year (25% vs 43%, p < 0.0001). Some hypotheses to explain the segregation of the herds of both sexes are presented and discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Sex, seasonal and spatial differences in the diet of Cantabrian chamois Rupicapra pyrenaica parva

Pérez‐Barbería¹,

Oliván²,

Osoro³

et al. 1997

Acta Theriol.

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“…Recent studies have identified a pattern of sexual segregation among dimorphic species of ungulates (Bowyer 1984, Clutton-Brock et al 1987, McCullough et al 1989, Shank 1982, Staines et al 1982, Watson and Staines 1978. With few exceptions (Shank 1982), these studies have reported that females occupy areas of higher habitat quality than males.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat segregation by moose in a boreal forest ecotone

Miller

Litvaitis²

1992

Acta Theriol.

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. 1992. Habitat segregation by moose in a boreal forest ecotone. Acta theriol. 37: 41 -50.We examined seasonal home range size and habitat use by sexes of moose Alces alces (Linnaeus, 1758) near the southern edge of this species' geographic range. Home range size did not differ between males and females during any season. The distribution of forage partly explained seasonal habitat use by both sexes. However, sites occupied by males in summer (1 June -15 September) and autumn (16 September -31 December) were at higher elevations, had steeper slopes, and were farther from potential aquatic feeding sites than sites used by females. We suggest that habitat segregation during these seasons was a consequence of differential resource requirements, not active avoidance by either sex. During summer, females occupied lowland sites near forest cuts, presumably because these sites had abundant forage and dense understory cover that concealed their young from predators. Additionally, females utilized roadside salt licks more often than males during summer and autumn. Males occupied upland hardwood stands during summer in an apparent effort to avoid heat stress and maximize forage intake. Habitat characteristics of both sexes were similar during winter when resource needs were probably equivalent, and the quality and distribution of forage were more homogenous.

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“…Studies comparing the food quality of males and females demonstrated the differences in red deer (Clutton-Brock et al 1982;Staines et al 1982 and others), fallow deer (Thirgood 1996) and many other species of free-living ruminants (Pérez-Barbería and Gordon 1998). Some studies have shown higher quality of food in females (Staines et al 1982;Beier 1987), others in males (Clutton-Brock et al 1982;Miquelle et al 1992), sometimes no differences in food quality between sexes were found (W eckerly and Nelson 1990 and others).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Relative Volume and Weight of Forestomachs Among Four Free Living Ruminants

Kamler¹,

Dvořák²,

Kamlerová³

2003

Acta Vet. Brno

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Kamler J., J. Dvofiák, K. Kamlerová: Differences in Relative Volume and Weight of Stomach Among Four Free Living Ruminants. Acta Vet. Brno 2003, 72: 33-39.The aim of this study was to estimate similarities in relative volume and weight of stomachs of free-living red deer, fallow deer, roe deer and moufflon to evaluate their feeding strategy and probability of their interspecific competition for food sources. Studied parameters were evaluated according to season, sex, age and locality. From 1995 to 1998, 176 adult (> 1 year) shot animals were examined in total. In all of the four studied species, rumen was larger in vegetation period than in winter (p < 0.01). The greatest differences between seasons were found in rumen volume (15-20% on average). Differences in the volume and weight of reticulum, omasum and abomasum were smaller or not significant. The roe deer females had a higher relative volume (by 40%) and weight (by 55%) of total stomach (p < 0.005) compared to males. Age of animals had no influence on size of reticulum, omasum and abomasum. The older animals had greater total stomach size. Rumen size of animals from different altitudes was the same (p < 0.05). The biggest relative size of total stomach and rumen was in moufflon (grazer), the smallest in roe deer (browser); fallow and red deer (both intermediate feeders) did not differ significantly. The differences between species are in agreement with their feeding strategy. Seasonal differences in rumen size correspond to the changes of their diet.

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Differences in the Quality of Food Eaten by Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) Stags and Hinds in Winter

Cited by 95 publications

References 11 publications

Sex, seasonal and spatial differences in the diet of Cantabrian chamois Rupicapra pyrenaica parva

Sex, seasonal and spatial differences in the diet of Cantabrian chamois Rupicapra pyrenaica parva

Habitat segregation by moose in a boreal forest ecotone

Differences in Relative Volume and Weight of Forestomachs Among Four Free Living Ruminants

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