Differences in the Spatial Distribution and Chemical Composition of PM10 Between the UK and Poland

Werner, Małgorzata; Kryza, Maciej; Dore, Anthony J.

doi:10.1007/s10666-013-9384-0

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Because PM 10 is a sum of various different elements, a total uncertainty of PM 10 concentrations is a sum of uncertainties of emissions and concentrations modelling of individual gaseous and particle pollution. This makes the prediction of temporal and spatial distribution of PM 10 concentrations more difficult than modelling of individual species Werner et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of WRF-Chem to forecasting PM<SUB align="right">10 concentration over Poland

Werner

Kryza

Ojrzyńska

et al. 2015

IJEP

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Abstract:The meteorological and chemical transport model WRF-Chem was implemented to forecast PM 10 concentrations over Poland. WRF-Chem version 3.5 was configured with three one-way nested domains using the GFS meteorological data and the TNO MACC II emissions. The 48 hour forecasts were run for each day of the winter and summer period of 2014 and there is only a small decrease in model performance for winter with respect to forecast lead time. The model in general captures the variability in observed PM 10 concentrations for most of the stations. However, for some locations and specific episodes, the model performance is poor and the results cannot yet be used by official authorities. We argue that a higher resolution sector-based emission data will be helpful for this analysis in connection with a focus on planetary boundary layer processes in WRF-Chem and their impact on the initial distribution of emissions on both time and space.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of WRF-Chem to forecasting PM<SUB align="right">10 concentration over Poland

Werner

Kryza

Ojrzyńska

et al. 2015

IJEP

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“…Additionally, for the UK, high values appear along the coast, which are generated by the influence of sea salt aerosol. The contribution of SSA in total PM 2.5 concentration is not so high like calculated for PM 10 [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…• The contribution of natural particles in total PM 2.5 (34% for the UK and 20% for Poland) is lower than calculated for PM 10 [27]. The highest contribution of natural particle in the UK is from SSA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Spatial and chemical patterns of PM_2.5 - differences between a maritime and an inland country

Werner

Kryza

Dore

2016

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Abstract:The Fine Resolution Atmospheric Multi-pollutant Exchange model was used to calculate the mean annual concentration of PM2.5 at a resolution of 5 km x 5 km for the United Kingdom (UK) and Poland for the year 2007. The modelled average PM2.5 concentration is higher for Poland than the UK and amounts to 9.2 µg · m -3 and 5.6 µg · m -3 , respectively. The highest concentrations concern London and coastal areas (due to the sea salt contribution) for the UK and urban agglomerations in the case of Poland. Maximum values occurring close to the UK coastline can reach 18 µg · m -3. The average contribution of natural particles amounts to 34 and 20% of total PM2.5 concentration, respectively for the UK and Poland. Among anthropogenic particles for both countries the highest contribution falls on secondary inorganic aerosols and the lowest contribution is for secondary organic aerosols.

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“…A detailed description of the FRAME model is given in Singles et al (1998), Fournier et al (2004), Dore et al (2006) and Vieno et al (2010). Details on the model configuration for Poland can be found in Kryza et al (2010Kryza et al ( , 2012 and Werner et al (2014a). FRAME is a Lagrangian model which describes the main atmospheric processes in a column of air moving along straight-line trajectories following specified wind directions.…”

Section: The Frame Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This leads to creation of ammonium (NH + 4 ) salts, which are incorporated in atmospheric aerosols (Banzhaf et al, 2013;Reis et al, 2009). The emission of NH 3 makes a major contribution to the formations of particulate matter (PM 10 and PM 2.5 ) (de Meij et al, 2009;Werner et al, 2014a), accounting for up to 50 % of the total mass of PM 2.5 (Anderson et al, 2003). As such, ammonia-containing aerosols are a very important component in regional and global aerosols processes (Xu and Penner, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding emissions of ammonia from buildings and application of fertilizers: an example from Poland

Werner¹,

Skjøth²,

Kryza³

et al. 2015

Preprint

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Abstract. A Europe-wide dynamic ammonia (NH3) emissions model has been applied for one of the large agricultural countries in Europe, and its sensitivity on the distribution of emissions among different agricultural functions was analysed by comparing with observed ammonia concentrations and by implementing all scenarios in a chemical transport model (CTM). The results suggest that the dynamic emission model is most sensitive to emission from animal manure, in particular how animal manure and its application on fields is connected to national regulations. In contrast, the model is most robust with respect to emission from buildings and storage. To incorporate the national regulations, we obtained activity information on agricultural operations at the sub-national level for Poland, information about infrastructure on storages, and current regulations on manure practice from Polish authorities. The information was implemented in the existing emission model and was connected directly with the NWP calculations from the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF-ARW). The model was used to calculate four emission scenarios with high spatial (5 km × 5 km) and temporal resolution (3 h) for the entire year 2010. In the four scenarios, we have compared the Europe-wide default model settings against (1) a scenario that focuses on emission from agricultural buildings, (2) the existing emission method used in WRF-Chem in Poland, and (3) a scenario that takes into account Polish infrastructure and agricultural regulations. The ammonia emission was implemented into the CTM FRAME and modelled ammonia concentrations was compared with measurements. The results suggest that the default setting in the dynamic model is an improvement compared to a non-dynamical emission profile. The results also show that further improvements can be obtained on the national scale by replacing the default information on manure practice with information that is connected with local practice and national regulations. Implementing a dynamical approach for simulation of ammonia emission is a viable objective for all CTM models that continue to use fixed emission profiles. Such models should handle ammonia emissions in a similar way to other climate-dependent emissions (e.g. biogenic volatile organic compounds). Our results, compared with previous results from the DEHM and the GEOS-CHEM models, suggest that implementing dynamical approaches improves simulations in general, even in areas with limited information about the location of the agricultural fields, livestock and agricultural production methods such as Poland.

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Differences in the Spatial Distribution and Chemical Composition of PM10 Between the UK and Poland

Cited by 21 publications

References 43 publications

Application of WRF-Chem to forecasting PM<SUB align="right">10 concentration over Poland

Application of WRF-Chem to forecasting PM<SUB align="right">10 concentration over Poland

Spatial and chemical patterns of PM_2.5 - differences between a maritime and an inland country

Understanding emissions of ammonia from buildings and application of fertilizers: an example from Poland

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Differences in the Spatial Distribution and Chemical Composition of PM10 Between the UK and Poland

Cited by 21 publications

References 43 publications

Application of WRF-Chem to forecasting PM<SUB align="right">10 concentration over Poland

Application of WRF-Chem to forecasting PM<SUB align="right">10 concentration over Poland

Spatial and chemical patterns of PM2.5 - differences between a maritime and an inland country

Understanding emissions of ammonia from buildings and application of fertilizers: an example from Poland

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Spatial and chemical patterns of PM_2.5 - differences between a maritime and an inland country