Differences in the Structure and Variability of Encapsulated Nerve Endings in the Joints of Some Species of Mammals

Polacek, P

doi:10.1159/000141803

Cited by 19 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In fact, in the intra-articular fat pad in the cat, type II corpuscles were described along the blood vessels traversing the interlobular septa and in the more peripheral lobules of the fat pad. Moreover, type IVa endings are distributed throughout the entire fat pad not only in the interlobular septa, but also along the borders between individual fat cells [Polacek, 1961]. The structural characteristics of the IFP (lobular aspect of the adipose lobules, thickness of the septa with a prevalence of collagen I) and its extensive distribution of nerves (in the interlobular septa, in the adipose lobules and close to the vessels) could account for its possible role as a mechanoreceptor, corresponding to a tridimensional connective mesh working in the proprioceptive regulation of the activity of the knee joint.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Infrapatellar Adipose Body: A Histotopographic Study

Macchi¹,

Porzionato²,

Sarasin³

et al. 2016

Cells Tissues Organs

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The infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) can be regarded as a peculiar form of fibro-adipose tissue localized close to the synovial membrane and articular cartilage. The aims of the present study were to analyze the microscopic anatomy of the IFP through histological and ultrastructural methods, comparing it with that of the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen and of the knee. Ten specimens of IFP were sampled from bodies of the Donation Program of the University of Padua without a history of osteoarthritis. The IFP consisted of white adipose tissue, of lobular type, with lobules delimited by thin connective septa. The IFP lobule areas were smaller (p < 0.05) and the interlobular septa were thicker (p > 0.05) than those of subcutaneous tissues of the abdomen, whereas the IFP lobule areas were larger (p < 0.05) and the interlobular septa were thinner than those of the subcutaneous tissue of the knee (p < 0.05). The IFP adipocytes present a mean area of 3,708 ± 976 µm² with a large intercellular space, whereas the mean area of the abdominal tissues was greater (6,082 ± 628 µm²; p < 0.05). At scanning electron microscopy the IFP adipocytes were covered by thick fibrillary sheaths, creating a basket around the adipocytes. The structural characteristics of the IFP (lobular aspect of the adipose tissue, thickness of the septa with scarce elastic fibers) could act as a plastic portion aimed at the absorption of pressure variation during knee articular activity. The extensive distribution of nerves suggests a possible role of the IFP as a mechanoreceptor, corresponding to a tridimensional connective mesh working in the proprioceptive regulation of the activity of the knee joint.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Infrapatellar Adipose Body: A Histotopographic Study

Macchi¹,

Porzionato²,

Sarasin³

et al. 2016

Cells Tissues Organs

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“…The presence of nerves in the tissues lining diarthrodial joints has been demonstrated both by functional (Kellgren & Samuel, 1950) and by histological (Gardner, 1950;Boyd, 1954;Skoglund, 1956;Polacek, 1961;Goldie & Wellisch, 1969) techniques. Cobbold & Lewis (1956) were able to monitor both sympathetic and parasympathetic effects on joint blood flow in an isolated perfused animal preparation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the Sympathetic Control of Normal and Diseased Synovial Blood Vessels: The Effect of α and β Receptor Stimulation and Inhibition, Monitored by the 133Xenon Clearance Technique

et al. 1971

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S U M M A R Y1. The half-life (T+) of the disappearance curve of 133Xe from the knee joint has been used as an indirect measure of synovial perfusion.2. The effects of intra-articularly administered isoprenaline and noradrenaline and their respective blocking agents, propranolol and phentolamine, on the T+ values have been investigated in normal subjects and in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.3. In normal subjects isoprenaline increased the clearance rate and this effect was blocked by propranolol. Noradrenaline decreased the clearance rate and this effect was blocked by phentolamine.

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“…Considerable literature has been published on the joint Acceptable results were usually obtained with the silcapsule and synovium of large human joints (Rossi, 1950; ver-and gold-chloride-impregnation studies of zygapo Hromada, 1960;Polacek, 1961;Ghadially and Roy, 1969; physeal joint synovial folds and the fibrous portions of Halata et al, 1985). However, relatively few histological the capsular material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%