Differences in Thyroid Activity of Several Strains of Mice and F<sub>1</sub> Hybrids

Amin, Anik; Chai, Changchun; Reineke, E. P.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1957.191.1.34

Cited by 20 publications

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“…Hence, thyroxine sensitivity depends strongly on the genetic background of the animals used. Perhaps it is associated with the genetic variation in endogenous thyroxine levels found across rodent strains (Amin et al, 1957;Chai, 1958).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrapyramidal mossy fibers and two-way avoidance learning: developmental modification of hippocampal circuitry and adult behavior of rats and mice

et al. 1988

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The extent of the intra- and infrapyramidal mossy fiber projection (IIP- MF) in the hippocampus of mice and rats is strain-specific, and correlates negatively with the strain-specific capacity of avoidance learning. If variations of the IIP-MF influence the capacity for 2-way avoidance learning, then developmental modification of the IIP-MF projection in an individual member of a strain should remain correlated with its adult behavior. Pups of strains with high avoidance capacity and small IIP-MF projections (RHA rats, DBA/2 and BALB/c mice) were injected with varying doses of thyroxine during the postnatal period. This transient hyperthyroidism resulted in a strong, yet largely unpredictable, variability of the IIP-MF projection in the adult animals. Furthermore, postnatal saline injections also increased the variability of the IIP-MF projection; however, this was to a lesser degree than when using thyroxine. The animals were tested for 2-way avoidance learning at the age of 90–120 d. Many showed strain-atypical avoidance scores. These deviations from the inherited level of 2-way avoidance learning were strongly correlated with the magnitude of the IIP-MF projection, regardless of whether the structural changes resulted from thyroxine or saline injections. A multivariate analysis showed that the observed correlations could neither be explained by thyroxine-induced changes in brain weight nor by individual differences of other terminal fields in the hippocampal region CA3. These results suggest that the extent of the IIP-MF projection is influenced by several genetic and epigenetic factors. Irrespective of the underlying causes, the magnitude of the IIP-MF (or of an unknown but well- correlated variable) appears to bias the adult capacity for 2-way avoidance learning predictably.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrapyramidal mossy fibers and two-way avoidance learning: developmental modification of hippocampal circuitry and adult behavior of rats and mice

et al. 1988

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“…Such results may be particularly characteristic of the steroid hormones. Thyroid activity in mice has been shown to be under genetic control and the generalized activity of the strains seems to be positively correlated with the rate of thyroid me tabolism (4,23). It would be interesting to test for the existence of a somatic response factor to thyroid hormones, using activity as an index.…”

Section: S9mentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior Genetics

Fuller¹

1960

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

150

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“…If the thyroid secretion rate is highly correlated with perslstancy of milk secretion, and it appears that it is, then it should be possible to use the thyroid secretion rate as an aid In selecting high producing animals. Work with inbred mice has indicated that the thyroid activity is under genetic control (Amin et al•, 1957) .…”

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Effect of thyroactive compounds on lactating sows

Johnson

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REVIEW OF LITERATURE Galactopoietic Compounds Since the early 1930s the relationship of the thyroid gland to milk secretion has been extensively investigated especially in the cow, It was shown that thyroidectomy of the dairy cow caused a marked depression in milk yield which could be corrected by feeding dried thyroid gland (Graham, 1934a). This led to the observation that the feeding of dried thyroid tissue would also increase the secretion of milk of cows in the declining period of lactation. Continued work led to the discovery that a similar increase In milk secretion could be obtained when crystalline thyroxine was injected into lactating cows (Graham, 1934b). These early investigations led to further interest In the use of thyroactive materials for lactating cows (Turner, 1956). The development of a method to produce thyroactive compounds from protein (Ludwlg and Von Mutzenbecher, 1939) led to the development of a method for the iodlnation of casein under controlled conditions. This product, iodinated casein, known as thyroprotein or commercially as Protamone made pos sible the worldwide study of the action of the thyroid gland upon the lactation process (Turner, 1956). Chemical assays of unwashed thyroprotein extract show that it contains at least ten iodinated compounds, including 8 Although thyroxine is not secreted into the milk in detectable quantities, the level of iodine in milk can be in creased by a dietary source of iodine (Wright et. al., 1955; Lengemann and Swanson, 1957). Furthermore, it appears that as the season advances from late winter to early summer, in creased blood and milk levels occur in the metabolism of iodine by the dairy cow (Lengeman et al., 1957). Components of the milk solids may be affected by the feeding of a galactopoietic thyroactive compound but the re sults reported by different investigators are not in complete agreement. Niacin is reported to be significantly increased (Kemmerer et^ al., 1946; Booth et al., 1947). Carotene is re ported to be increased and Vitamin A decreased (Hibbs and Krauss, 1947). The status of ascorbic acid, riboflavin and thiamin is confused as investigators report different trends (Van Landingham et al., 1944; Kemmerer e_t al., 1946; Booth et al., 1947; Thompson and Kon, 1949). It is reported that there is no change in the content of milk albumin and globu lin (Booth et al», 1947) as well as an increase in their con tent (Archibald, 1945). The status of the milk fat falls into this same confused picture as some investigators report no change and others report a slight increase (Ralston ert al..

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Differences in Thyroid Activity of Several Strains of Mice and F₁ Hybrids

Cited by 20 publications

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Infrapyramidal mossy fibers and two-way avoidance learning: developmental modification of hippocampal circuitry and adult behavior of rats and mice

Infrapyramidal mossy fibers and two-way avoidance learning: developmental modification of hippocampal circuitry and adult behavior of rats and mice

Behavior Genetics

Effect of thyroactive compounds on lactating sows

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Differences in Thyroid Activity of Several Strains of Mice and F1 Hybrids

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Infrapyramidal mossy fibers and two-way avoidance learning: developmental modification of hippocampal circuitry and adult behavior of rats and mice

Infrapyramidal mossy fibers and two-way avoidance learning: developmental modification of hippocampal circuitry and adult behavior of rats and mice

Behavior Genetics

Effect of thyroactive compounds on lactating sows

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Differences in Thyroid Activity of Several Strains of Mice and F₁ Hybrids