Different approaches in sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) conductivity measurements

Fedorenko, Deniss; Vaivars, G.

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/503/1/012030

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The single membrane method have shown systematic bias of the conductivity results and provide lower conductivity than the differential method. Similar observations were made in our previous work [14], and are explained based on the influence of contact resistance.…”

Section: Impedance Analysissupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The differential method excluded contact resistance more efficiently [14]. The results with differential method have shown, that the membranes with active carbon provide lower conductivity in comparison with blank membranes and starting with 2.0 % of carbon content conductivity does not change significantly.…”

Section: Impedance Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Impedance analysis of the membranes was performed by two methods, described in our previous work [14]. Measurements were performed in two electrode through-plane configuration (electrode diameter was 1 cm).…”

Section: Impedance Analysis Of the Speek Composite Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3. acell configuration of two methods used for impedance analysis: differential method; bsingle membrane method [14] Results of determination of proton conductivity are shown on Fig. 4 and confidence interval was calculated from three parallel measurements (p = 0.95 un tp,n = 4.303).…”

Section: Impedance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of our study is to investigate proton conductivity, thermal properties, swelling degree and water uptake and evaluate surface zeta potential for composite membranes with wide range of content of the additive for application in CO2 reduction cells. There are difficulties in evaluation and quantification of contact resistance, therefore differential method is proposed as it excludes contact resistance more efficiently [14].…”

Section: Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composite Membranes of Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) with Active Carbon: Composite Preparation and Investigation of their Properties for Potential Application for CO2 Electrochemical Reduction

Fedorenko

Vaivars²

2020

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In this study, synthesis of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) was performed using sulfonation method with concentrated sulfuric acid. Polymer with three degrees of sulfonation was obtained: 0.87; 0.82 and 0.74. Composite membranes were synthesized with an activated carbon. Ultrasonication method was used in order to achieve homogeneity of distribution of the additive in polymer solution and then in polymer membranes. Membranes with various content of the additive were made: 0; 0.15; 0.3; 0.5; 0.6; 0.8; 1.0; 2.0 and 3.0 %. Swelling degree, water uptake, proton conductivity, isoelectric point, thermal properties and surface morphology of the membranes were analyzed. Proton conductivity was determined using impedance analysis with two electrode system and through-plane configuration. Two methods were used: differential and single membrane method. Differential method is proposed to have significant advantage as it reduces contact resistance, which otherwise is difficult to control and evaluate. Surface zeta potential of membrane surface was investigated, and membranes have shown variation of the potential. Isoelectric point was determined for the membranes with DS 0.82 and carbon content 0 % and 0.5 %, and it was found to be at pH 4. Water uptake and swelling degree of the membranes was studied, and active carbon content was found to not have major influence on those properties, but higher content of sulfonic groups leads to increased water uptake and swelling degree. Thermogravimetric analysis showed slightly better thermal properties of membranes with the additive, compared to the blank membranes, which can be related to differences in the water uptake. Surface of the membrane was investigated using scanning electron microscopy, and no considerable defects were observed.

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Section: Impedance Analysissupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Impedance Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Impedance Analysis Of the Speek Composite Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impedance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composite Membranes of Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) with Active Carbon: Composite Preparation and Investigation of their Properties for Potential Application for CO2 Electrochemical Reduction

Fedorenko

Vaivars²

2020

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From electrochromic phenomena to energy harvesting and storage—an overview of solid state ionics research at the Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia

Kleperis

Bajārs

Grīnberga

et al. 2023

J Solid State Electrochem

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Critical Evaluation of the Methods for the Characterization of the Degree of Sulfonation for Electron Beam Irradiated and Non-Irradiated Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) Membranes

Pakalniete,

Maskova,

Zabolockis

et al. 2023

Materials

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Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) materials are promising candidates for replacing Nafion™ in applications such as proton exchange membrane (PEM) and direct methanol fuel cells. SPEEK membranes have several advantages such as low cost, thermal and radiation stability and controllable physicochemical and mechanical properties, which depend on the degree of sulfonation (DS). Commercial PEEK was homogenously sulfonated up to a DS of 60–90% and the membranes were prepared using a solvent casting method. Part of the samples were irradiated with a 10 MeV electron beam up to a 500 kGy dose to assess the ionizing radiation-induced effects. Both non-irradiated and irradiated membranes were characterized by Fourier Transformation infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance analysis and, for the first time for non-irradiated membranes, by spectrophotometric analysis with Cr(III). The above-mentioned methods for application for DS assessment were compared. The aim of this study is to compare different methods used for the determination of the DS of SPEEK membranes before and after high-dose irradiation. It was observed that irradiated membranes presented a higher value of DS. The appearance of different new signals in 1H-NMR and FT-IR spectra of irradiated membranes indicated that the effects of radiation induced changes in the structure of SPEEK materials. The good correlation of Cr(III) absorption and SPEEK DS up to 80% indicates that the spectrophotometric method is a comparable tool for the characterization of SPEEK membranes.

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Different approaches in sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) conductivity measurements

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Composite Membranes of Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) with Active Carbon: Composite Preparation and Investigation of their Properties for Potential Application for CO2 Electrochemical Reduction

Composite Membranes of Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) with Active Carbon: Composite Preparation and Investigation of their Properties for Potential Application for CO2 Electrochemical Reduction

From electrochromic phenomena to energy harvesting and storage—an overview of solid state ionics research at the Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia

Critical Evaluation of the Methods for the Characterization of the Degree of Sulfonation for Electron Beam Irradiated and Non-Irradiated Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) Membranes

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