Different bone regeneration patterns in periimplant circumferential gap defects grafted with two types of osteoconductive biomaterial

Abstract

This study aimed to determine healing patterns in periimplant gap defect grafted with demineralized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and porous titanium granules (PTG), which are known to induce a minimal tissue reaction and to undergo minimal biodegradation in healing process. Experiments were performed using a standardized periimplant gap-defect model in dogs with two observational periods: 4 and 8 weeks. Circumferential defects were surgically induced around dental implants on unilateral mandibles in five dogs, and collagen barrier membranes were placed over the DBBM and PTG grafts at two experimental sites and over a nongrafted site. Four weeks later, the same procedures were performed on the contralateral mandible, and the animals allowed to heal for a further 4 weeks, after which they were sacrificed and their mandibles with graft/control sites harvested for histologic evaluation. Both types of grafted biomaterials significantly enhanced the defect fill with newly formed bone, but the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) was significantly increased only at sites that had been grafted with DBBM. The two experimental sites exhibited different healing patterns, with new bone formation being observed on the surface of the DBBM particles throughout the defect, while there was no de novo bone formation on the PTG surface, but rather appositional bone growth from the base and lateral walls of the defect. It has been suggested that gap-defect filling with DBBM around dental implants may enhance both BIC and defect fill; however, the present findings show that defect grafting with PTG enhances only defect fill and not BIC. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1202-1209, 2016.

The Comparison of Porous Titanium Granule and Xenograft in the Surgical Treatment of Peri‐Implantitis: A Prospective Clinical Study

“…Both types of biomaterials significantly improved the defect fill with newly formed bone, but the bone‐to‐implant contact that had been grafted with PTG was significantly decreased. Although DBBM particles were observed around the new bone formation, PTG particulates were not detected . In the present study, in both graft materials there was radiographic bone filling.…”

The Effectiveness of the Addition of Platelet-Rich Fibrin to Bovine Xenografts in Sinus and Bone Ridge Augmentation: A Systematic Review

“…The particle size of this material is 0.25 to 2 mm [9,10]. BioOss TM has been shown to be effective in sinus floor augmentation [11], socket or alveolar ridge preservation, horizontal and vertical augmentation [12,13], and peri-implant defects [14,15].…”

Porous Titanium Granules in comparison with Autogenous Bone Graft in Femoral Osseous Defects: A Histomorphometric Study of Bone Regeneration and Osseointegration in Rabbits

“…ere is increasing demand for alloplastic graft materials in Implant Dentistry. Porous titanium granules (PTGs) are a biocompatible, nonresorbable alloplastic graft material with osteoconductive properties [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

“…Porous titanium granules were first used in Orthopedics [2,3] and then began to be applied in Dentistry [4,13,14]. Porous titanium granules have been studied in postextraction sockets [7,[15][16][17], maxillary sinus augmentation [4,6,[18][19][20][21], peri-implant defects [9,10,[22][23][24][25][26], supracrestal vertical bone augmentation [27], and periodontal defects [23,28]. ey have been studied in various animal models, such as rabbits [5,6,8,27], dogs [3,7,9,15,16], sheep [11], and mini-pigs [10,17,28], and humans as well [4, 13, 14, 18, 19, 21-26, 29, 30].…”

“…PTG has been studied alone or in combination with xenograft [20]. Porous titanium granules have been compared to demineralized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) in animals [9,10,28], to bovine hydroxyapatite in animals [6], and to deproteinized bovine particulates (Bio-Oss) in humans [19]. Comparisons between PTG (or WPTG) and autogenous osseous graft, which is the clinical gold standard, have not been published yet.…”