Different Clinical Expression of Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis According to Gender in Relation to Time Since Onset of Disease. Data From REGISPONSER

Clinical characteristics of nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis in Korea: a comparison with ankylosing spondylitis

“…The increased proportion of females among the patients with nr‐axSpA compared with AS is consistent with previous studies . Because male AS patients have more severe radiographic damage than female AS patients, the female predominance among patients with nr‐axSpA may be observed because nr‐axSpA may be a mild form of AS and because the disease progression of females with SpA is slower than that of men. The underlying pathogenesis of the differences between men and women with SpA is still unknown.…”

Is there any gender‐specific difference in the cut‐off values of ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score in patients with axial spondyloarthritis?

“…Until now, a number of studies have highlighted significant gender‐related differences in clinical presentation, radiographic damage, functional outcome, disease burden and response to treatment in axSpA . A few studies investigated the effect of gender‐related differences in axSpA regarding disease activity . Most of these studies agreed on higher disease activity in women than men as measured by BASDAI .…”

“…Until now, several previous studies have revealed differences in clinical presentation, disease onset, radiographic damage, disease progression and processes between the genders in axSpA . Female patients are more likely to have higher age at disease onset with fewer typical features such as peripheral joint involvement, cervical pain .…”

Evaluation of the perception of cervical disability students of undergraduate of careers in dentistry, medicine and nursing from the University of the Andes: Cross-sectional study

“…It is recommended to take preventive measures such as implementing the healthy break, in which it would be advisable to perform stretching exercises. [10] Female individuals perceive the painful stimuli more intensely than the male sex. This can be explained both by the female hormones, which influence the perception of pain, both the perception and the tolerance depend on the woman's menstrual cycle.…”

“…However, it has been shown that the perception of pain is influenced by factors social, biological and psychological. [10] Another mechanism by which may explain the differences in the perception of the pain of women related to mechanisms associated with the opioid activity, having women less sensitive to this.…”