Different Dimensional Nanostructured Silicon Materials: From Synthesis Methodology to Application in High‐Energy Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Sun, Lin; Xie, Jie; Jin, Zhong

doi:10.1002/ente.201900962

Cited by 31 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 189 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…Micro- and nanostructuring silicon is a crucial process for the fabrication and development of transistors, micro-electromechanical systems, optical sensors, metamaterials, and Si-based batteries. − Vertically aligned silicon nanowire (VA-SiNW) arrays are a particularly interesting class of nanostructured silicon because of their strong and tunable interaction with light that can arise from wave-guiding, , Mie resonance excitation, diffractive effects, and near-field coupling . Controlling these effects via the structural properties of the VA-SiNWs leads to tunable light scattering, absorption, , and reflection .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Scale Synthesis of Highly Uniform Silicon Nanowire Arrays Using Metal-Assisted Chemical Etching

et al. 2020

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The combination of metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) with colloidal lithography has emerged as a simple and cost-effective approach to nanostructure silicon. It is especially efficient at synthesizing Si micro- and nanowire arrays using a catalytic metal mesh, which sinks into the silicon substrate during the etching process. The approach provides a precise control over the array geometry, without requiring expensive nanopatterning techniques. Although MACE is a high-throughput solution-based approach, achieving large-scale homogeneity can be challenging because of the instability of the metal catalyst when the experimental parameters are not set appropriately. Such instabilities can lead to metal film fracture, significantly damaging the substrate and thus compromising the nanowire array quality. Here, we report on the critical parameters that influence the stability of the metal catalyst layer for achieving large-scale homogeneous MACE: etchant composition, metal film thickness, adhesion layer thickness, nanowire diameter and pitch, metal film coverage, Si/Au/etchant interface length, and crystalline quality of the colloidal template (grain size and defects). Our results investigate the origin of the catalyst film fracture and reveal that MACE experiments should be optimized for each Si wire array geometry by keeping the etch rate below a certain threshold. We show that the Si/Au/etchant interface length also affects the etch rate and should thus be considered when optimizing the MACE experimental parameters. Finally, our results demonstrate that colloidal templates with small grain sizes (i.e., <100 μm2) can yield significant problems during the pattern transfer because of a high density of defects at the grain boundaries that negatively affects the metal film stability. As such, this work provides guidelines for the large-scale synthesis of Si micro- and nanowire arrays via MACE, relevant for both new and experienced researchers working with MACE.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Scale Synthesis of Highly Uniform Silicon Nanowire Arrays Using Metal-Assisted Chemical Etching

et al. 2020

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“…[3] However, the current commercial graphite anodes are difficult to meet the demand of high energy density of the batteries because of their low theoretical specific capacities. [4] Therefore, it is necessary to develop ideal anode materials for practical LIBs with low cost, high capacity, and good durability. Silicon (Si)-based materials have long been considered to be one type of the most potential anodes for next-generation high-energy LIBs owing to their high theoretical capacity (4200 mA h g À1 ), low delithiation potential (<0.5 V), rich reserves, and low cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adina Rubella‐Like Microsized SiO@N‐Doped Carbon Grafted with N‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes as Anodes for High‐Performance Lithium Storage

Tang

Huang

et al. 2022

Small Science

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Microsized silicon oxide (SiO) has become a highly potential anode material for practical lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) in virtue of its low cost and high capacity. However, its commercialization is still impeded by the low inherent conductivity and nonignorable volume expansion of SiO in the lithiation/delithiation processes. Herein, an in situ catalytic growth approach is developed for grafting N‐doped bamboo‐like carbon nanotubes (NCNTs) onto the polydopamine‐coated SiO microparticles, yielding a unique adina rubella‐like SiO@NC‐NCNT composite. The cross‐sectional scanning electron microscopy images reveal that the flexible middle‐carbon layer plays a crucial role in alleviating volume expansions and improving structural stability of SiO@NC‐NCNTs. Theoretical density functional theory simulation results further prove that the rational construction of ternary heterostructure can effectively balance lithium adsorption energies and greatly improve conductivity of SiO@NC‐NCNTs. As a result, the as‐fabricated SiO@NC‐NCNTs LIB anode shows a high reversible specific capacity of 1103.7 mA h g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 after 200 cycles with a high retention of 99.6% and an outstanding rate capability of 569 mA h g−1 at 5000 mA g−1. The strategy developed herein demonstrates a feasible avenue for developing high‐energy SiO‐based anodes for LIBs.

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“…Thus, the material is prone to capacity fading and a short cycle life [17][18][19]. Third, Si has The most common approach used to address the challenges associated with Si is the translation of bulk Si into nanosized Si particles, such as by structural design [21][22][23][24][25][26]. Although research on nanosized Si materials is abundant, studies on Si-alloy anodes are relatively scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of silicon-based alloys for lithium-ion battery anodes

Feng

Peng

Wang

et al. 2021

Int J Miner Metall Mater

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Silicon (Si) is widely considered to be the most attractive candidate anode material for use in next-generation high-energy-density lithium (Li)-ion batteries (LIBs) because it has a high theoretical gravimetric Li storage capacity, relatively low lithiation voltage, and abundant resources. Consequently, massive efforts have been exerted to improve its electrochemical performance. While some progress in this field has been achieved, a number of severe challenges, such as the element's large volume change during cycling, low intrinsic electronic conductivity, and poor rate capacity, have yet to be solved. Methods to solve these problems have been attempted via the development of nanosized Si materials. Unfortunately, reviews summarizing the work on Si-based alloys are scarce. Herein, the recent progress related to Si-based alloy anode materials is reviewed. The problems associated with Si anodes and the corresponding strategies used to address these problems are first described. Then, the available Si-based alloys are divided into Si/Li-active and inactive systems, and the characteristics of these systems are discussed. Other special systems are also introduced. Finally, perspectives and future outlooks are provided to enable the wider application of Sialloy anodes to commercial LIBs.

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Different Dimensional Nanostructured Silicon Materials: From Synthesis Methodology to Application in High‐Energy Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Cited by 31 publications

References 189 publications

Large-Scale Synthesis of Highly Uniform Silicon Nanowire Arrays Using Metal-Assisted Chemical Etching

Large-Scale Synthesis of Highly Uniform Silicon Nanowire Arrays Using Metal-Assisted Chemical Etching

Adina Rubella‐Like Microsized SiO@N‐Doped Carbon Grafted with N‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes as Anodes for High‐Performance Lithium Storage

Review of silicon-based alloys for lithium-ion battery anodes

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