Different dispersion regions during the phase inversion of an ionomeric polymer–water system

Saw, L.K.; Brooks, B.W.; Carpenter, Keith; Keight, D.V.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9797(02)00030-9

Cited by 28 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Not only does this make applications more efficient, it also reduces energy load needed in some cases. [1][2][3][4][5] However, in most of the previous researches, the solid content of aqueous polyurethane only ranges from 20 to 35%. It is difficult in making APU with high solid content much above 50 or 60% as the viscosity is highly sensitive to solid content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of high solid content aqueous polyurethane dispersion

Qing-an

Sun

2007

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Aqueous polyurethane (APU) dispersions having a solid content of 50% were synthesized using dimethyol propionic acid (DMPA) as the stabilizing moiety. The principal diols used were poly-1,4-butylene adipate glycol (PBA). The diisocyanates used in this study were a 30:70 blend of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI). All these samples were neutralized using triethylamine (TEA) and chainextended using ethylene diamine (EDA). The effects of the COOH content, NCO/OH molar ratio, and molecular weight (M n ) of PBA on the properties of APU dispersion and its cast film were studied. Dynamic light scattering results revealed that these high solid content dispersions shown broad particle size distributions as well as bimodal. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMA) results showed that as the hard segment content increased, the melting point (T m ) of the APU cast film increased, but the glass transition temperature (T g ) did not show significant alteration, when a PBA lower than 1000 M n was used, the APU exhibited faint soft-segment crystallization and tended to form amorphous polymer. Tensile and T-peel strength tests attained excellent mechanical properties, such as a maximum Young's modulus of 166 MPa and the elongation at break reached to 2000%. T-peel strength test (PVC/PVC) yielded a maximum peel strength value of 8.8 N/mm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of high solid content aqueous polyurethane dispersion

Qing-an

Sun

2007

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Salager [16] assigned a surfactant-oil-water (SOW) mixture to one of the three groups defined using Winsor's concept of interaction energies. Those groups were discussed previously [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Saw et al [17] produced aqueous polyurethane ionomer (PUI) colloids via catastrophic phase inversion in a liquid-liquid dispersion. They identified three different dispersion regions, by changing the ionic group content of the ionomer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catastrophic phase inversion in region II of an ionomeric polymer–water system

Saw

Brooks

Carpenter

et al. 2004

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…4,6,7 The amino groups may then react with the remaining isocyanates yielding urea linkages. PU molecules are originally immiscible with water.…”

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Elucidation of polyurethane dispersions in a batch rotor-stator mixer

Phongikaroon

Calabrese

Carpenter

2004

J Coat. Technol. Res.

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In this study, the effect of high energy input from mechanical agitation, provided with a high shear rotor-stator, on the drop size and the drop size distribution (DSD) of aqueous polyurethane (PU) dispersions is investigated. The effect of the dispersed phase volume fraction (φ) on the DSD of aqueous PU dispersions is also examined to understand the fundamental characteristics that result from the high shear mixing. DSD is measured by using either a high magnification video probe or dynamic light scattering, depending on the range of drop sizes. For the PU without any ionic content, the distributions appear to be bimodal with rather large drop sizes. The mean sizes of the first and second modes are about 10 and 22 µm, respectively. For the PU with an ionic content, the mean drop sizes are approximately 80 nm. The distributions reveal that functional chemistry plays a more dominant role in the process of making PU dispersions than the mechanical agitation, and that φ has a weak effect on the mean drop sizes. The results further suggest that mechanical agitation can be used to control the breadth of the distributions.

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Different dispersion regions during the phase inversion of an ionomeric polymer–water system

Cited by 28 publications

References 12 publications

Synthesis and characterization of high solid content aqueous polyurethane dispersion

Synthesis and characterization of high solid content aqueous polyurethane dispersion

Catastrophic phase inversion in region II of an ionomeric polymer–water system

Elucidation of polyurethane dispersions in a batch rotor-stator mixer

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