Different drought-adaptive capacity of a native Patagonian tree species (Nothofagus pumilio) resulting from local adaptation

Soliani, Carolina; Mattera, M. Gabriela; Marchelli, Paula; Azpilicueta, Ma. Marta; Dalla-Salda, Guillermina

doi:10.1007/s10342-021-01389-6

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…However, common garden studies performed on young N. pumilio that were sourced from local precipitation and/or elevation gradients consistently show trait differentiation in water use and morphology when those plants are grown under drought conditions, although there is little consensus about whether genetics or phenotypic plasticity is responsible. Some studies suggest a genetic basis (Ignazi et al, 2020; Mondino et al, 2019; Soliani & Aparicio, 2020), others suggested that responses are plastic (Ivancich et al, 2012), and still, others found supporting evidence for both explanations (Mathiasen & Premoli, 2016; Premoli & Brewer, 2007; Soliani et al, 2021). Phenotypic plasticity is advantageous when physical conditions are highly variable, for instance, in northern Patagonian locations with a Mediterranean climate (Villalba et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic responses to climate: Understanding local adaptation in the Andean tree species Nothofagus pumilio and implications for a changing world

Sekely,

Marchelli,

Arana

et al. 2024

Plants People Planet

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Societal Impact StatementForest trees tend to be strongly genetically adapted to their local environments, but climate change will probably subject trees to novel combinations of precipitation, temperature, and photoperiod. Local adaptation was investigated in the ecologically and economically important Patagonian tree species Nothofagus pumilio by characterizing its genetic diversity in relation to the varied environmental conditions across its range. These insights are useful for conservation and management decisions, for example by identifying suitable populations to establish seed source plantations for restoration and characterizing relationships with environmental drivers of selection to better understand how this species will respond to climate change.SummaryNothofagus pumilio is a foundation tree species that inhabits a 2000‐km‐long range in the southern Andes, a region with two perpendicular environmental gradients: temperature and photoperiod (North–South), and precipitation (West–East). We investigated local adaptation patterns by searching for relationships between environmental clines and signatures of adaptation in candidate genes related to stress response, growth, and phenology. Using a paired site sampling design within a landscape genome analysis, we analyzed 493 adult N. pumilio trees in 20 sampling sites across the species' latitudinal range. We screened 47,336 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci in 1632 contigs (i.e., coding regions along the genome). Population structure and genetic diversity analyses preceded four genome scan analyses using genetic and environmental data. Population structure and genetic diversity are mainly oriented along the latitude axis. Genome scans identified 445 outlier SNPs, which are loci showing signatures of selection. Temperature and photoperiod variables were associated with notably more outliers than precipitation. However, the most frequent biological functions among genes were water deprivation response and cold response, suggesting that stress response is comprised of complex and polygenic traits that are affected by many environmental variables. Our findings suggest that N. pumilio shows signatures of local adaptation to extant climate conditions, including temperature, photoperiod, and precipitation. However, climate change is likely to alter existing relationships among environmental conditions to which this species is currently adapted. These changes may have unpredictable consequences for the species' future survival, adaptation potential, and the people who depend upon these forests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic responses to climate: Understanding local adaptation in the Andean tree species Nothofagus pumilio and implications for a changing world

Sekely,

Marchelli,

Arana

et al. 2024

Plants People Planet

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“…By contrast, the radial growth of the N. pumilio stands shows greater increments in radial growth in the last decades. Apparent differences between Nothofagus stands are probably a combined consequence of a strong regional climatic gradient [29,34], associated with different microsite conditions, water availability [22,25,26,32], and intraspecies and interspecies variations related to genetics (or ontogeny) and different physiological strategies in the face of a water stress period [33,55,56].…”

Section: Dendrochronological and Dendroclimatic Potential Of The Sout...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the strong ecoclimatic gradient in SSA from a western hyper-humid zone to the dry steppe landscapes in the East (Figure 1). Previous studies revealed that the South American Nothofagus forests reveals diverse responses most likely associated with microsite conditions, water availability [22,25,26,32], and speciesspecific drought adaptation [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Nothofagus Species in Southernmost South America Are Recording Divergent Climate Signals

Soto-Rogel

Aravena

Villalba

et al. 2022

Forests

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Recent climatic trends, such as warming temperatures, decrease in rainfall, and extreme weather events (e.g., heatwaves), are negatively affecting the performance of forests. In northern Patagonia, such conditions have caused tree growth reduction, crown dieback, and massive die-back events. However, studies looking at these consequences in the southernmost temperate forest (Nothofagus betuloides and Nothofagus pumilio) are much scarcer, especially in southernmost South America (SSA). These forests are also under the influence of the positive phase of Antarctic Oscillation (AAO, also known as Southern Annular Mode, SAM) that has been associated with increasing trends in temperature, drought, and extreme events in the last decades. This study evaluated the growth patterns and the climatic response of eight new tree-ring chronologies from Nothofagus species located at the upper treeline along different environmental gradients in three study areas: Punta Arenas, Yendegaia National Park, and Navarino Island in SSA. The main modes of the ring-width index (RWI) variation were studied using principal component analysis (PCA). We found that PC1 has the higher loadings for sites with precipitation values over 600 mm/yr, PC2 with N. betuloides sites, and PC3 with higher loadings for sites with precipitation values below 600 mm/yr. Our best growth-climate relationships are between N. betuloides and AAO and the most northeastern site of N. pumilio with relative humidity (which coincides with heatwaves and extreme drought). The climatic signals imprinted in the southernmost forests are sensitive to climatic variability, the climate forcing AAO, and the effects of climate change in the last decades.

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“…In general, phenotypic plasticity responses to environmental changes are followed by local adaptations [67]. Alien plants with higher adaptive capacity to highly disturbed environments than rare plants are able to thrive because they develop local adaptation (e.g., mostly zoochory and anthropochory in seed dispersal, one sexual reproductive mode, and annual and biennial herbs in life form) to acclimate to variable conditions [66,68]. In comparison, the higher adaptive capacity to a high-stress environment seen in rare plants might be due to local adaptation (e.g., largely autochory in seed dispersal and a high rate of clonal reproduction modes) to acclimate to stressful conditions [38,67].…”

Section: Effect Of Habitat Characteristics On Adaptive Capacity Of Al...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Adaptive Capacity of Alien and Rare Species in China

Zhou

Xin

Wang

et al. 2022

Forests

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Alien and rare plants tend to adapt to contrasting biotic and abiotic conditions. However, adaptability assessments of alien and rare plants using biological and habitat characteristics in stressful and disturbed environments are limited. We collected and demonstrated the biological and habitat characteristics and assessed the adaptive capacity of alien and rare plants in China using the analytic hierarchy process. Biological characteristics, such as dispersal strategy, sexual and asexual reproduction modes, life form, and habitat characteristics (e.g., habitat type and distribution spatial extent), are important indicators of the adaptability of alien and rare plants to stressful and disturbed environments. Alien plants have a higher adaptive capacity to disturbed environments than rare plants, while rare plants have a higher adaptive capacity to stressful environments than alien plants. Stressful and disturbed environments constrain the adaptive capacity of alien and rare plants, respectively. However, the constraint on alien plants from stressful environments is weaker than that on rare plants from disturbed environments. Understanding the adaptive capacity of alien and rare plants will help researchers and policymakers develop strategies for preventing the invasion of alien plants as well as protecting rare and endangered plants.

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Different drought-adaptive capacity of a native Patagonian tree species (Nothofagus pumilio) resulting from local adaptation

Cited by 10 publications

References 87 publications

Genomic responses to climate: Understanding local adaptation in the Andean tree species Nothofagus pumilio and implications for a changing world

Genomic responses to climate: Understanding local adaptation in the Andean tree species Nothofagus pumilio and implications for a changing world

Two Nothofagus Species in Southernmost South America Are Recording Divergent Climate Signals

The Adaptive Capacity of Alien and Rare Species in China

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