Different extrinsic trophic factors regulate neurite outgrowth and synapse formation between identifiedLymnaea neurons

Munno, David W.; Woodin, Melanie A.; Lukowiak, Ken; Syed, Naweed I.; Dickinson, Patsy S.

doi:10.1002/1097-4695(200007)44:1<20::aid-neu3>3.0.co;2-m

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Due to a previous report by Munno et al (2000) which suggested that some trophic factors are carried in the invertebrate hemolymph, extractions were performed on the hemolymph as well as the CNS.…”

Section: Hplc/ms Analysis Of Adult Lymnaea Stagnalis Cns and Hemolympmentioning

confidence: 85%

Detection of Endogenous Retinoids in the Molluscan CNS and Characterization of the Trophic and Tropic Actions of 9-cisRetinoic Acid on Isolated Neurons

Dmetrichuk

Carlone²,

Jones³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

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Retinoic acid (RA) is an active metabolite of Vitamin A that plays an important role in the growth and differentiation of many cell types. All-trans RA (atRA) is the retinoic acid isomer that has been most widely studied in the nervous system, and can induce and direct neurite outgrowth from both vertebrate and invertebrate preparations. The presence and role of the 9-cis-RA isomer in the nervous system is far less well defined. Here, we used high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS) to show for the first time, the presence of both atRA and 9-cis-RA in the CNS of an invertebrate. We then demonstrated that 9-cis-RA was capable of exerting the same neurotrophic and chemotropic effects on cultured neurons as atRA. In this study, significantly more cells showed neurite outgrowth in 9-cis-RA versus the EtOH vehicle control, and 9-cis-RA significantly increased the number and length of neurites from identified neurons after 4 d in culture. 9-cis-RA also extended the duration of time that cells remained electrically excitable in culture. Furthermore, we showed for the first time in any species, that exogenous application of 9-cis-RA induced positive growth cone turning of cultured neurons. This study provides the first evidence for the presence of both atRA and 9-cis-RA in an invertebrate CNS and also provides the first direct evidence for a potential physiological role for 9-cis-RA in neuronal regeneration and axon pathfinding.

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Section: Hplc/ms Analysis Of Adult Lymnaea Stagnalis Cns and Hemolympmentioning

confidence: 85%

Detection of Endogenous Retinoids in the Molluscan CNS and Characterization of the Trophic and Tropic Actions of 9-cisRetinoic Acid on Isolated Neurons

Dmetrichuk

Carlone²,

Jones³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

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“…To quantify the extent of neurite outgrowth, we used our previously published criteria (Ridgway et al. , 1991; Munno et al. , 2000) for sprouting assay (see ) (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using previously established criteria on Helisoma (Bulloch & Hauser, 1990) and Lymnaea (Ridgway et al. , 1991; Munno et al. , 2000), neurons were deemed successfully sprouted if they had one or more neurites > 2 soma diameter lengths with at least one active growth cone.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidepressant fluoxetine suppresses neuronal growth from both vertebrate and invertebrate neurons and perturbs synapse formation between Lymnaea neurons

Luk

Richard

et al. 2010

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Current treatment regimes for a variety of mental disorders involve various selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors such as Fluoxetine (Prozac). Although these drugs may 'manage' the patient better, there has not been a significant change in the treatment paradigm over the years and neither have the outcomes improved. There is also considerable debate as to the effectiveness of various selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and their potential side-effects on neuronal architecture and function. In this study, using mammalian cortical neurons, a dorsal root ganglia cell line (F11 cells) and identified Lymnaea stagnalis neurons, we provide the first direct and unequivocal evidence that clinically relevant concentrations of Fluoxetine induce growth cone collapse and neurite retraction of both serotonergic and non-serotonergic neurons alike in a dose-dependent manner. Using intracellular recordings and calcium imaging techniques, we further demonstrate that the mechanism underlying Fluoxetine-induced effects on neurite retraction from Lymnaea neurons may involve lowering of intracellular calcium and a subsequent retardation of growth cone cytoskeleton. Using soma-soma synapses between identified presynaptic and postsynaptic Lymnaea neurons, we provide further direct evidence that clinically used concentrations of Fluoxetine also block synaptic transmission and synapse formation between cholinergic neurons. Our study raises alarms over potentially devastating side-effects of this antidepressant drug on neurite outgrowth and synapse formation in a developing/regenerating brain. Our data also demonstrate that drugs such as Fluoxetine may not just affect communication between serotonergic neurons but that the detrimental effects are widespread and involve neurons of various phenotypes from both vertebrate and invertebrate species.

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“…The following are examples of the main types of research conducted using cultured neuronal cells. (1) identification and functional characterization of neurotrophic factors regulating neurite outgrowth and regeneration (Spence et al 1998; Goldberg 1998; Munno et al 2000; Dmetrichuk et al 2008; Milanese et al 2009; Nejatbakhsh et al 2011 and others ), (2) growth cone motility and development (Spencer et al 1998; Dmetrichuk et al 2008; Suter 2011), (3) neurite-soma and soma-soma synaptogenesis (Munno et al 2000; Hu et al 2004; Onizuka et al 2012) and (4) neuronal receptors and cell-to-cell neurotransmitter signaling (White and Laczmarek 1997; Mapara et al 2008; Giachello et al 2010; Ye et al 2010). …”

Section: Molluscan Primary Cell Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molluscan cells in culture: primary cell cultures and cell lines

2013

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In vitro cell culture systems from molluscs have significantly contributed to our basic understanding of complex physiological processes occurring within or between tissue-specific cells, yielding information unattainable using intact animal models. In vitro cultures of neuronal cells from gastropods show how simplified cell models can inform our understanding of complex networks in intact organisms. Primary cell cultures from marine and freshwater bivalve and gastropod species are used as biomonitors for environmental contaminants, as models for gene transfer technologies, and for studies of innate immunity and neoplastic disease. Despite efforts to isolate proliferative cell lines from molluscs, the snail Biomphalaria glabrata Say, 1818 embryonic (Bge) cell line is the only existing cell line originating from any molluscan species. Taking an organ systems approach, this review summarizes efforts to establish molluscan cell cultures and describes the varied applications of primary cell cultures in research. Because of the unique status of the Bge cell line, an account is presented of the establishment of this cell line, and of how these cells have contributed to our understanding of snail host-parasite interactions. Finally, we detail the difficulties commonly encountered in efforts to establish cell lines from molluscs and discuss how these difficulties might be overcome.

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Different extrinsic trophic factors regulate neurite outgrowth and synapse formation between identifiedLymnaea neurons

Cited by 21 publications

References 39 publications

Detection of Endogenous Retinoids in the Molluscan CNS and Characterization of the Trophic and Tropic Actions of 9-cisRetinoic Acid on Isolated Neurons

Detection of Endogenous Retinoids in the Molluscan CNS and Characterization of the Trophic and Tropic Actions of 9-cisRetinoic Acid on Isolated Neurons

Antidepressant fluoxetine suppresses neuronal growth from both vertebrate and invertebrate neurons and perturbs synapse formation between Lymnaea neurons

Molluscan cells in culture: primary cell cultures and cell lines

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