Different LED Light Intensities and 6-Benzyladenine Concentrations in Relation to Shoot Development, Leaf Architecture, and Photosynthetic Pigments of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus In Vitro

Abstract

A mixture of red and blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs; at a ratio of 7:3, respectively) were used to analyze the effects of different photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFDs) (40, 80, and 120 µmol m−2 s−1 hereafter known as LED 40, 80, and 120, respectively) on the micropropagation of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus shoots. The experiment also examined the effect of 6-benzyladenine (BA) in 1, 2.5, and 5 µM concentrations in the media. Biometrical observations and analyses of leaf morphometry and photosynthetic pigment content were conducted. Shoot multiplication increased with an increasing BA concentration. A PPFD of 80 µmol m−2 s−1 and 5 µM BA is suggested as efficient for shoot propagation and economically viable. LED 120 increased the leaf blade area and its width, and circularity and elongation ratios. The intensity of light did not affect the fresh weight, which increased at higher BA concentrations (2.5 and 5 μM). The dry weight content decreased with increasing cytokinin concentration; the greatest content was observed on media with 1 µM BA under PPFD 120 µmol m−2 s−1. LED 80 increased the photosynthetic pigments content in the leaves in comparison to the standard intensity of LED 40. Increased BA concentration raises the content of chlorophyll a.

Effect of led lighting on the growth of raspberry (Rubus idaeus l.) plants in vitro

“…Studies of other researchers have shown that the combination of red and blue LEDs enhances Mentha and Fragaria growth as compared to other monochromatic spectra (Nhut et al, 2003;Gupta and Jatothu, 2013;Sabzalian et al, 2014). Also, the results presented by Pawlowska et al (2018) and Cioć et al (2019) showed that combination of red and blue LEDs (7:3) could be an effective and affordable tool for modifying the potential of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus plants for shoot multiplication and for the control plant morphogenesis and photosynthetic pigment content.…”

Induction of Callogenesis, Organogenesis, and Embryogenesis in Non-Meristematic Explants of Bleeding Heart and Evaluation of Chemical Diversity of Key Metabolites from Callus

“…Similarly, NAA proved to stimulate isoflavone production in Genista tinctoria L. calli at 5.0 mg•L −1 when applied jointly with 0.5 mg•L −1 cytokinin [45]. Perhaps using a light factor instead of PGRs combination would allow for even more effective control of pigment synthesis in the bleeding heart, as reported by Cioć et al in gerbera [44].…”

“…Cytokinins play an important role in the development and structural differentiation of chloroplasts [15]. Consequently, increased BA concentration raised the content of chlorophyll and carotenoids in the leaves of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus cultured in vitro [44]. Callus cultures of the bleeding heart, however, seem to respond differently since the highest levels of chlorophylls and carotenoids were found in the experimental combination with the lowest concentrations of PGRs.…”

Influence of light conditions on the morphogenetic and biochemical response of selected ornamental plant species under in vitro conditions: a mini-review

“…For Chrysanthemum × grandiflorum, the final effect of light conditions varied depending on the developmental phase of microshoots (Kurilcik et al, 2008). A significant interaction was also observed between light intensity and concentration of N-benzyladenine in the culture medium on the shoot proliferation and development, leaf architecture, and content of photosynthetic pigments in Gerbera jamesonii and Myrtus communis cultured in vitro (Cioć et al, 2018, Cioć et al, 2019.…”