Different oncological features of colorectal cancer codon-specific KRAS mutations: Not codon 13 but codon 12 have prognostic value

Abstract

The robotic liver resection (RLR) has been increasingly applied in recent years and its benefits shown in some aspects owing to the technical advancement of robotic surgical system, however, controversies still exist. Based on the foundation of the previous consensus statement, this new consensus document aimed to update clinical recommendations and provide guidance to improve the outcomes of RLR clinical practice. The guideline steering group and guideline expert group were formed by 29 international experts of liver surgery and evidence-based medicine (EBM). Relevant literature was reviewed and analyzed by the evidence evaluation group. According to the WHO Handbook for Guideline Development, the Guidance Principles of Development and Amendment of the Guidelines for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment in China 2022, a total of 14 recommendations were generated. Among them were 8 recommendations formulated by the GRADE method, and the remaining 6 recommendations were formulated based on literature review and experts’ opinion due to insufficient EBM results. This international experts consensus guideline offered guidance for the safe and effective clinical practice and the research direction of RLR in future.

KRAS Exon 2 Mutations in Patients with Sporadic Colorectal Cancer: Prevalence Variations in Mexican and Latin American Populations

“…The observed prevalence in Latin America may support this, where the ratio of mutations in codon 12 to those in codon 13 was 3:1. In accordance, Ahn et al reported that mutations in KRAS codon 13 generally exhibit lower aggressiveness and are less likely to function as adverse prognostic markers for CRC than mutations in codon 12 [37].…”

“…Neither of these studies included CRC patient populations from western Mexico. The KRAS exon 2 mutation prevalence of 17% is also significantly lower than the prevalence of approximately 40% observed in CRC patients across numerous studies worldwide [37][38][39]. The differences in the frequency of KRAS mutations could be related to racial features, as described by Staudacher et al in a metaanalysis of 4648 CRC patients, where non-Hispanic White people exhibited fewer mutations in KRAS codon 12 or codon 13 than African Americans (OR 0.640; 95% CI: 0.5342-0.7666; p = 0.0001) [40].…”