Different places, different stories: A study of the spatial heterogeneity of county-level fertility in China

Wang, Donghui; Chi, Guangqing

doi:10.4054/demres.2017.37.16

Cited by 32 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 69 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Model comparisons between the OLS and GWR models were conducted using the AIC with a correction for finite sample sizes (AICc). One of the advantages of GWR modeling is that researchers can map the local coefficients as well as R 2 in order to better identify spatial heterogeneities [ 25 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuities and changes in spatial patterns of under-five mortality at the district level in India (1991–2011)

Singh

Masquelier

2018

Int J Health Geogr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundIndia has the largest number of under-five deaths globally, and large variations in under-five mortality persist between states and districts. Relationships between under-five mortality and numerous socioeconomic, development and environmental health factors have been explored at the national and state levels, but the possible spatial heterogeneity in these relationships has seldom been investigated at the district level. This study seeks to unravel local variation in key determinants of under-five mortality based on the 1991 and 2011 censuses.MethodsUsing geocoded district-level data from the last two census rounds (1991 and 2011) and ordinary least squares and geographically weighted regressions, we identify district-specific relationships between under-five mortality rate and a series of determinants for two periods separated by 20 years (1986–1987 and 2006–2007). To identify spatial groupings of coefficients, we perform a cluster analysis based on t-values of the geographically weighted regression.ResultsThe geographically weighted regression analysis shows that relationships between the under-five mortality rate and factors for socioeconomic, development, and environmental health factors vary spatially in terms of direction, strength, and extent when considering: female literacy and labor force participation; share of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes; access to electricity; safe water and sanitation; road infrastructure; and medical facilities. This spatial heterogeneity is accompanied by significant changes over time in the roles that these factors play in under-five mortality. Important local determinants of under-five mortality in 2011 were female literacy, female labor force participation, access to sanitation facilities and electricity; while the key local determinants in 1991 were road infrastructure, safe water, and medical facilities. We identify six different clusters based on geographically weighted regression coefficients that broadly encompass the same districts in both periods; but these clusters do not follow the regional boundaries suggested by the previous studies. In particular, the high mortality states of India that are often typically classified as high focus states were classified into three different clusters based on the relationship of the factors associated with under-five mortality.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the utility of combining geographically weighted regression and cluster analyses as a methodological approach to study local-level variation in public health indicators, and it could be applied in any country using aggregate-level information from census or survey data. Identifying local predictors of under-five mortality is important for designing interventions in specific districts. Additional reduction in under-five mortality will only be possible with intervention programs designed at the local level, which take into consideration local level determinants of under-five mortality.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuities and changes in spatial patterns of under-five mortality at the district level in India (1991–2011)

Singh

Masquelier

2018

Int J Health Geogr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The recent fall of birth rates was explained by the decline of fertility in younger women (less than 30 years old) [33], being indicative of a more generalized decrease of the complete fertility of women born after 1980 [112]. Despite such clear findings, it cannot be demised how earlier studies addressing both the counter-and pro-cyclical nature of fertility dynamics over economic downturns in Mediterranean Europe have been less conclusive [122,123].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recession, Local Fertility, and Urban Sustainability: Results of a Quasi-Experiment in Greece, 1991–2018

Hälbac-Cotoară-Zamfir

Egidi

Salvia

et al. 2021

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fertility is a spatially non-stationary property of regional demographic systems. Despite the wealth of quantitative (micro–macro) information delineating short-term population dynamics in advanced economies, the contribution of economic downturns to local fertility has still been under-investigated along urban–rural gradients, especially in low-fertility contexts. Recent studies have assumed suburban fertility rates as systematically higher than urban and rural fertility rates. This assumption (hereafter known as the “suburban fertility hypothesis”) has been grounded on stylized facts and spatial regularities in advanced economies that reflect a significant role of both macro (contextual) and micro (behavioral) factors that positively influence fertility in suburban locations. To test the suburban fertility hypothesis at the macro-scale, the present study compares gross fertility rates from seven regional units of the Athens metropolitan area between 1991 and 2018. A refined spatial analysis of gross fertility rates during an economic expansion (1999–2008) and recession (2009–2018) was carried out in 115 urban, suburban, and rural municipalities of the same area. Experiencing sequential waves of economic expansion and recession, Athens’ socio-demographic dynamics were considered a sort of “quasi-experiment” for Southern Europe, linking late suburbanization with the multiple impacts of (rapid) economic downturns. Compared with both urban and rural locations, a higher fertility rate in suburban municipalities (15–20 km away from downtown Athens) was observed during the study period. However, a subtle distinction was observed during the economic expansion versus the recession. In the first period, the highest birth rates were recorded in industrial locations west of Athens, hosting economically disadvantaged communities with a relatively young population structure. With the recession, the highest fertility was associated with residential and service-specialized (wealthier) locations east of Athens, attracting resident population from neighboring areas, and better responding to crisis. The results of our study document how recent urban expansion and economic downturns have intrinsically shaped fertility dynamics, with implications for urban sustainability and social cohesion of metropolitan regions.

show abstract

“…We control for the level of migration because Lu and Tao (2015) found that outmigration is associated with diminished son preference. Following past research, we use the net migration rate, calculated as (1 – hukou population/census enumeration) × 100 (see Cai 2010; Wang and Chi 2017). The county‐level net migration rate captures the proportion of people without local hukou registration per the county's total population.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Religious Geography and County‐Level Sex Ratios in China

Tong

Sennott

Yang

2020

Scientific Study of Religion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The sex ratio at birth in China is highly imbalanced in favor of boys. Past research on sex ratios in China emphasizes economic factors for their weakening effect on the Confucian tradition of son preference. Research in the sociology of religion suggests that religious geography may affect sex ratios through the spill‐over of religious teachings to those living in areas dominated by a religious tradition. To assess this linkage, we investigate the relationship between religious geography and county‐level child sex ratios using the 2000 China Population Census and the 2004 China Economic Census, the most complete and recent data available on religious presence in China. Applying spatial analyses of 2,685 counties (over 90% of all counties), we find that counties with a greater presence of Daoist temples have more imbalanced (male‐biased) sex ratios, whereas a greater presence of Buddhist temples and Islamic mosques is associated with less imbalanced sex ratios.

show abstract

Different places, different stories: A study of the spatial heterogeneity of county-level fertility in China

Cited by 32 publications

References 69 publications

Continuities and changes in spatial patterns of under-five mortality at the district level in India (1991–2011)

Continuities and changes in spatial patterns of under-five mortality at the district level in India (1991–2011)

Recession, Local Fertility, and Urban Sustainability: Results of a Quasi-Experiment in Greece, 1991–2018

Religious Geography and County‐Level Sex Ratios in China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About