Different pontine projections to the two sides of the cerebellum

Cicirata, F; Zappalà, Agata; Serapide, Maria Francesca; Parenti, Rosalba; Pantò, Maria Rosita; Paz, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2005.02.002

Cited by 33 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…By retrograde/ anterograde labeling, neurons were traced in the hindbrain alar/ basal plate and projection sites were demonstrated, such as in the cerebellum. Other classical-labeling studies in adult rat brainstem also revealed projections of the PCN to the cerebellum (for review, see Cicirata et al, 2005). Together, these seminal studies revealed the segmental repetition, axonal directionalities, and routes of hindbrain neurons.…”

Section: Axonal Patterns Targets and Connectivity Of Da1-interneuronsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…4 E-H ). As PCN neurons, as well as subsets of CN neurons, project to the cerebellum (Mason, 1986;Hatten and Heintz, 1995;Bermingham et al, 2001;Díaz et al, 2003;Doucet and Ryugo, 2003;Cicirata et al, 2005;Dipietrantonio and Dymecki, 2009;Rose et al, 2009a), we then wished to inspect the dA1 axonal routes in detail within the cerebellum. The cerebellum was dissected out from E9.5-E13.5 embryos and stained for the zinc finger transcription factor Zic1, which marks the EGL and IGL, and with the Ca 2ϩ -binding protein Calbindin, which marks the Purkinje layer, to delineate the various cerebellar domains (Baimbridge et al, 1992;Aruga et al, 1994Aruga et al, , 2002Grinberg et al, 2004).…”

Section: Mapping Axonal Projections Of Da1 Interneuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Axonal Patterns and Targets of dA1 Interneurons in the Chick Hindbrain

Kohl

Hadas²,

Klar³

et al. 2012

J. Neurosci.

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Hindbrain dorsal interneurons that comprise the rhombic lip relay sensory information and coordinate motor outputs. The progenitor dA1 subgroup of interneurons, which is formed along the dorsal-most region of the caudal rhombic lip, gives rise to the cochlear and precerebellar nuclei. These centers project sensory inputs toward upper-brain regions. The fundamental role of dA1 interneurons in the assembly and function of these brainstem nuclei is well characterized. However, the precise en route axonal patterns and synaptic targets of dA1 interneurons are not clear as of yet. Novel genetic tools were used to label dA1 neurons and trace their axonal trajectories and synaptic connections at various stages of chick embryos. Using dA1-specific enhancers, two contralateral ascending axonal projection patterns were identified; one derived from rhombomeres 6 -7 that elongated in the dorsal funiculus, while the other originated from rhombomeres 2-5 and extended in the lateral funiculus. Targets of dA1 axons were followed at later stages using PiggyBac-mediated DNA transposition. dA1 axons were found to project and form synapses in the auditory nuclei and cerebellum. Investigation of mechanisms that regulate the patterns of dA1 axons revealed a fundamental role of Lim-homeodomain (HD) proteins. Switch in the expression of the specific dA1 Lim-HD proteins Lhx2/9 into Lhx1, which is typically expressed in dB1 interneurons, modified dA1 axonal patterns to project along the routes of dB1 subgroup. Together, the results of this research provided new tools and knowledge to the assembly of trajectories and connectivity of hindbrain dA1 interneurons and of molecular mechanisms that control these patterns.

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Section: Axonal Patterns Targets and Connectivity Of Da1-interneuronsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Mapping Axonal Projections Of Da1 Interneuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Axonal Patterns and Targets of dA1 Interneurons in the Chick Hindbrain

Kohl

Hadas²,

Klar³

et al. 2012

J. Neurosci.

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“…According to current knowledge, the interruption of fiber tracts projecting via pontine nuclei to the contralateral cerebellar cortex and to the deep cerebellar nuclei lead to a reduced activation of the cortical Purkinje cells as well as a reduced activity of glutaminergic projection neurons from the deep cerebellar nuclei to the thalamus. 38,39 This results in a functional deactivation and ultimately to vasoconstriction which in turn results in a profound reduction of CBF and CBV. 40 The relatively high detection rate of CBF in comparison to the other perfusion parameters supports this theory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crossed cerebellar diaschisis in patients with acute middle cerebral artery infarction: Occurrence and perfusion characteristics

Sommer¹,

Bollwein²,

Thierfelder³

et al. 2015

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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We aimed to investigate the overall prevalence and possible factors influencing the occurrence of crossed cerebellar diaschisis after acute middle cerebral artery infarction using whole-brain CT perfusion. A total of 156 patients with unilateral hypoperfusion of the middle cerebral artery territory formed the study cohort; 352 patients without hypoperfusion served as controls. We performed blinded reading of different perfusion maps for the presence of crossed cerebellar diaschisis and determined the relative supratentorial and cerebellar perfusion reduction. Moreover, imaging patterns (location and volume of hypoperfusion) and clinical factors (age, sex, time from symptom onset) resulting in crossed cerebellar diaschisis were analysed. Crossed cerebellar diaschisis was detected in 35.3% of the patients with middle cerebral artery infarction. Crossed cerebellar diaschisis was significantly associated with hypoperfusion involving the left hemisphere, the frontal lobe and the thalamus. The degree of the relative supratentorial perfusion reduction was significantly more pronounced in crossed cerebellar diaschisis-positive patients but did not correlate with the relative cerebellar perfusion reduction. Our data suggest that (i) crossed cerebellar diaschisis is a common feature after middle cerebral artery infarction which can robustly be detected using whole-brain CT perfusion, (ii) its occurrence is influenced by location and degree of the supratentorial perfusion reduction rather than infarct volume (iii) other clinical factors (age, sex and time from symptom onset) did not affect the occurrence of crossed cerebellar diaschisis.

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“…This control group was used to investigate whether BDA injections in the right BPN of naive untrained animals indeed result in sparse labeling of mossy fiber terminals in the CN as described in previous work (Dietrichs et al, 1983;Brodal et al, 1986;Parenti et al, 2002;Cicirata et al, 2005).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CS is relayed to the same PC zones by mossy fibers originating from the lateral part of the basilar pontine nuclei (BPN) (Kandler and Herbert 1991;Leergaard and Bjaalie, 2007;Halverson and Freeman, 2010;Mostofi et al, 2010). Interestingly, however, mossy fiber collaterals from the BPN to the lateral AIN and DLH are very sparse (Dietrichs et al, 1983;Brodal et al, 1986;Parenti et al, 2002;Cicirata et al, 2005;Fig. 1A).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Axonal Sprouting and Formation of Terminals in the Adult Cerebellum during Associative Motor Learning

et al. 2013

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Plastic changes in the efficacy of synapses are widely regarded to represent mechanisms underlying memory formation. So far, evidence for learning-dependent, new neuronal wiring is limited. In this study, we demonstrate that pavlovian eyeblink conditioning in adult mice can induce robust axonal growth and synapse formation in the cerebellar nuclei. This de novo wiring is both condition specific and region specific because it does not occur in pseudoconditioned animals and is particularly observed in those parts of the cerebellar nuclei that have been implicated to be involved in this form of motor learning. Moreover, the number of new mossy fiber varicosities in these parts of the cerebellar nuclei is positively correlated with the amplitude of conditioned eyelid responses. These results indicate that outgrowth of axons and concomitant occurrence of new terminals may, in addition to plasticity of synaptic efficacy, contribute to the formation of memory.

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Different pontine projections to the two sides of the cerebellum

Cited by 33 publications

References 29 publications

Axonal Patterns and Targets of dA1 Interneurons in the Chick Hindbrain

Axonal Patterns and Targets of dA1 Interneurons in the Chick Hindbrain

Crossed cerebellar diaschisis in patients with acute middle cerebral artery infarction: Occurrence and perfusion characteristics

Axonal Sprouting and Formation of Terminals in the Adult Cerebellum during Associative Motor Learning

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