Different response of 17α-ethinylestradiol photodegradation induced by aquatic humic and fulvic acids to typical water matrixes

Effects of dissolved organic matter characteristics on the photosensitized degradation of pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment wetlands

“…Typically, in environmental systems, direct photodegradation plays only a minor role in the overall photodegradation of AMX, ATL, CME, and EE2. 35,70,118,119…”

“…Typically, in environmental systems, direct photodegradation plays only a minor role in the overall photodegradation of AMX, ATL, CME, and EE2. 35,70,118,119 The observed photodegradation rate constants (k obs,photo , h À1 ) of AMX, ATL, EE2, and CME for seven wetland site samples and two WWTP secondary effluents are normalized to sample DOC and illustrated in ESI Fig. S5.…”

Induced selectivity in the photochemistry of estrone derivatives in sustainable and micellar environment: preparative and mechanistic studies

“…Similarly, in the case of ester 2 the 2a/2b ratio moves from 6. 4 the lower ratio suggesting that the migration of benzoyl group occurs without significant selectivity.…”

“…The past decades have witnessed a rapid development of the photochemistry of steroids which is a challenging topic that produces continuous reports in both academic and industrial area. Indeed, recently reports on the photodegradation of some steroidal hormones in aquatic environments performing the irradiation under direct or photosensitized procedures have been studied [1][2][3][4][5]. For example, the photodegradation of 17β-estradiol (E2), an endocrine-disrupting hormone was investigated in wastewater effluents at different pH values under simulated solar irradiation employing effluent organic matters (EfOM) as triplet photosensitizers [1].…”

“…Likewise, the degradation of E2 and estriol E3, which is an steroidal hormone, was investigated under direct UVC (254 nm) light in the presence of oxidants additives, such as H 2 O 2 or O 3 and alternatively, in the presence of photocatalyst TiO 2 to evaluate the possible degradation in a natural surface water matrix [2,3]. Furthermore, the photoinduced degradation of an estrogen derivative, such as 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) has been studied in detail in terms of kinetic and mechanistic viewpoints using aquatic humic acid and fulvic acid solutions simulating natural water matrixes [4]. The photodegradation by solar light of glucocorticoids in freshwater have been reported and it was found that the photoproducts are environmental toxic compounds as was assessed by V. fischeri and P. subcapitata inhibition assays [5].…”