Abstract. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical response of locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) to neoadjuvant (NA) chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin and cyclophosphamide (FEC) and to study the role of docetaxel in patients who fail to respond to first-line chemotherapy. Patients were enrolled who had primary tumours without distant metastasis that were too extensive for conservative surgery. All underwent NA chemotherapy for breast cancer and thereafter surgery and/or radical radiotherapy. NA chemotherapy with FEC was administered to 88 patients between February 1998 and June 2005. A median of 6 cycles of FEC (range 1-8) was given, followed in 21 cases by a median of 4 cycles (range 2-6) of docetaxel. Where clinically established, with FEC the clinical complete response (cCR) was 22/81 (27%), clinical partial response (cPR) 41/81 (51%), clinical stable disease (cSD) 18/81 (22%). In patients where the response to FEC was regarded as insufficient, docetaxel was given. Response rates were cCR 3/21 (14%); cPR 10/21 (48%), cSD 8/21 (38%). There were 11 cases of pathological complete response (pCR), 9 in the FEC-only group and 2 in the docetaxel group. Following chemotherapy 49 (56%) patients underwent mastectomy, 32 (36%) breast conserving surgery and 5 (6%) radical radiotherapy, giving a breast conservation rate of 42%. Two patients died before receiving surgery or radical radiotherapy. The results show that neoadjuvant FEC is a reasonable NA therapy in breast cancer and that docetaxel is effective in FEC refractory cases. Only 8 of 81 (10%) assessable patients did not respond to any chemotherapy, giving an overall clinical response rate of 90%, which is comparable to studies in which taxanes were given irrespective of response to preceding therapy with antracycline including regimes.
IntroductionNeoadjuvant chemotherapy is regarded as a useful procedure in the management of locally advanced (i.e. stage III) or large (≥3 cm) breast cancers. The aim of this approach is to induce tumour shrinkage in order to increase the possibility of breastconserving surgery in patients with potentially operable tumours and the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy can be used to select subsequent adjuvant cytotoxic therapy.Studies comparing adjuvant with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, without adjustment on the basis of response, have found higher rates of breast conserving surgery but no significant differences in terms of disease-free or overall survival have been observed (1).Many studies have been published with various chemotherapy regimens, but we reasoned that the optimal choice of regimen would be to use as first-line the regimen we use as adjuvant therapy, i.e. the FEC regimen, and in those who fail to respond, switch to our second-line, non-cross-resistant therapy of choice, docetaxel. We felt that this approach would have two advantages: firstly, we could determine which patients were sensitive to one or other regimen, which would then be expected to inform about optimal adjuvant chemotherapy; ...