Different roles for RNA silencing and RNA processing components in virus recovery and virus-induced gene silencing in plants

Ma, Xiaofang; Nicole, Marie-Claude; Méteignier, Louis-Valentin; Hóng, Ní; Wang, Guoping; Moffett, Peter

doi:10.1093/jxb/eru447

Cited by 115 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…None of these mutants was more susceptible to PVX than the single ago2 mutant at either the local or systemic level and ago1 ago2 mutants even appeared somewhat less susceptible to PVX (Figures 5C and 5D; Supplemental Figures 8C and 8D). These results confirm that AGO1 and AGO7 do not play important roles in defense against PVX in Arabidopsis and are consistent with ago1 mutants being more resistant to TRV (Ma et al, 2015).…”

Section: An Ago2 Ago5 Double Mutant Displays Increased Susceptibilitysupporting

confidence: 84%

“…However, these two proteins appear to be dispensable for defense against TRV (Ma et al, 2015), and AGO2 is more important than AGO1 in defense against wildtype TCV (Zhang et al, 2012). Likewise, even though AGO1 and AGO7 are destabilized by the PVX VSR, our genetic and functional analyses suggest that they are not major determinants of PVX infection.…”

Section: Which Agos Are Antiviral?mentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Hypomorphic ago1 mutants have increased susceptibility to Brome mosaic virus and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and to VSR-defective CMV and Turnip crinkle virus (TCV) (Morel et al, 2002;Qu et al, 2008;Azevedo et al, 2010;Dzianott et al, 2012). However, an ago1 mutant is less susceptible than the wild type to Tobacco rattle virus (TRV), while AGO1 is required for virus-induced gene silencing (Ma et al, 2015). In addition, an ago7 mutant has increased susceptibility to specific derivatives of VSR-defective TCV (Qu et al, 2008), and ago4 mutants are more susceptible to TRV (Ma et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, an ago1 mutant is less susceptible than the wild type to Tobacco rattle virus (TRV), while AGO1 is required for virus-induced gene silencing (Ma et al, 2015). In addition, an ago7 mutant has increased susceptibility to specific derivatives of VSR-defective TCV (Qu et al, 2008), and ago4 mutants are more susceptible to TRV (Ma et al, 2015). By contrast, AGO2 appears to be broadly required for antiviral defenses, having been shown to be involved in defense against a wide range of viruses, including CMV, TCV, TRV, PVX, Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), and Tomato bushy stunt virus (Harvey et al, 2011;Jaubert et al, 2011;Scholthof et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2011;Carbonell et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2012;Ma et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, an ago7 mutant has increased susceptibility to specific derivatives of VSR-defective TCV (Qu et al, 2008), and ago4 mutants are more susceptible to TRV (Ma et al, 2015). By contrast, AGO2 appears to be broadly required for antiviral defenses, having been shown to be involved in defense against a wide range of viruses, including CMV, TCV, TRV, PVX, Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), and Tomato bushy stunt virus (Harvey et al, 2011;Jaubert et al, 2011;Scholthof et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2011;Carbonell et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2012;Ma et al, 2015). RISC complexes containing AGO1, 2, 3, or 5 act on viruses in in vitro Tombuvirus replication assays, and AGO1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 9 can all bind to sRNAs derived from viruses or viroids (Takeda et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2011;Schuck et al, 2013;Minoia et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional and Genetic Analysis Identify a Role for Arabidopsis ARGONAUTE5 in Antiviral RNA Silencing

2015

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RNA silencing functions as an antiviral defense through the action of DICER-like (DCL) and ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins. In turn, plant viruses have evolved strategies to counteract this defense mechanism, including the expression of suppressors of RNA silencing. Potato virus X (PVX) does not systemically infect Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0, but is able to do so effectively in mutants lacking at least two of the four Arabidopsis DCL proteins. PVX can also infect Arabidopsis ago2 mutants, albeit less effectively than double DCL mutants, suggesting that additional AGO proteins may mediate anti-viral defenses. Here we show, using functional assays, that all Arabidopsis AGO proteins have the potential to target PVX lacking its viral suppressor of RNA silencing (VSR), P25, but that only AGO2 and AGO5 are able to target wild-type PVX. However, P25 directly affects only a small subset of AGO proteins, and we present evidence indicating that its protective effect is mediated by precluding AGO proteins from accessing viral RNA, as well as by directly inhibiting the RNA silencing machinery. In agreement with functional assays, we show that Potexvirus infection induces AGO5 expression and that both AGO2 and AGO5 are required for full restriction of PVX infection in systemic tissues of Arabidopsis.

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Section: An Ago2 Ago5 Double Mutant Displays Increased Susceptibilitysupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Which Agos Are Antiviral?mentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional and Genetic Analysis Identify a Role for Arabidopsis ARGONAUTE5 in Antiviral RNA Silencing

2015

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The evolving world of small RNAs from RNA viruses

Weng

Shih

et al. 2016

WIREs RNA

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RNA virus infection in plants and invertebrates can produce virus-derived small RNAs. These RNAs share features with host endogenous small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). They can potentially mediate RNA interference (RNAi) and related RNA silencing pathways, resulting in specific antiviral defense. Although most RNA silencing components such as Dicer, Ago2, and RISC are conserved among eukaryotic hosts, whether RNA virus infection in mammals can generate functional small RNAs that act in antiviral defense remains under discussion. Here, we review recent studies on the molecular and biochemical features of viral siRNAs and other virus-derived small RNAs from infected plants, arthropods, nematodes, and vertebrates and discuss the genetic pathways for their biogenesis and their roles in antiviral activity.

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Plant ARGONAUTEs: Features, Functions, and Unknowns

Carbonell

2017

Methods in Molecular Biology

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ARGONAUTEs (AGOs) are the effector proteins in eukaryotic small RNA (sRNA)-based gene silencing pathways controlling gene expression and transposon activity. In plants, AGOs regulate key biological processes such as development, response to stress, genome structure and integrity, and pathogen defense. Canonical functions of plant AGO-sRNA complexes include the endonucleolytic cleavage or translational inhibition of target RNAs and the methylation of target DNAs. Here, I provide a brief update on the major features, molecular functions, and biological roles of plant AGOs. A special focus is given to the more recent discoveries related to emerging molecular or biological functions of plant AGOs, as well as to the major unknowns in the plant AGO field.

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Different roles for RNA silencing and RNA processing components in virus recovery and virus-induced gene silencing in plants

Cited by 115 publications

References 73 publications

Functional and Genetic Analysis Identify a Role for Arabidopsis ARGONAUTE5 in Antiviral RNA Silencing

Functional and Genetic Analysis Identify a Role for Arabidopsis ARGONAUTE5 in Antiviral RNA Silencing

The evolving world of small RNAs from RNA viruses

Plant ARGONAUTEs: Features, Functions, and Unknowns

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