Different susceptibilities of Leishmania spp. promastigotes to the Annona muricata acetogenins annonacinone and corossolone, and the Platymiscium floribundum coumarin scoparone

Abstract

Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease that can manifest itself in visceral and cutaneous form. The aim of this study was to search for new leishmanicidal compounds. Preliminarily, Artemia salina assay was applied to compounds from two plants found in Northeastern Brazil, Platymiscium floribundum and Annona muricata. Then these compounds were tested against three Leishmania species (Leishmania donovani, Leishmania mexicana and Leishmania major). A screening assay using luciferase-expressing promastigote form were used to measure the viability of promastigote One coumarin, scoparone, isolated from P. floribundum and two acetogenins, annonacinone and corossolone isolated from A. muricata showed leishmanicidal activity in all species tested. Nevertheless, Leishmania species indicated different susceptibilities in relation to the tested compounds: L. mexicana was more sensitive to scoparone followed by L. major and L. donovani. The three species presented similar inhibition to corossolone and annonacinone. Acetogenin annonacinone (EC50 = 6.72 8.00 μg/mL) indicated high leishmanicidal activity; corossolone (EC50 = 16.14 18.73 μg/mL) and scoparone (EC50 = 9.11 27.51 μg/mL) moderate activity. A. saline larvae were less sensitive to the coumarin scoparone and acetogenin corossolone was the most toxic. In conclusion, the leishmanicidal activity demonstrated by the coumarin and acetogenins indicate these compounds for further studies aiming the development of new leishmanicidal agents.

Novel Heteroaryl Selenocyanates and Diselenides as Potent Antileishmanial Agents

“…We have payed special attention to quinoline, which constitutes the central nucleus of sitamaquine (25,26), acridine (27,28), quinoxaline (29)(30)(31), and coumarins (32,33). On the other hand, nitrofuran compounds (34,35), the most relevant registered as nifurtimox, and derivatives of the benzodioxol core (36) have been selected.…”

Characterization of the Annonaceous acetogenin, annonacinone, a natural product inhibitor of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1

“…Annonacinone is a particularly interesting molecule as it is a natural product belonging to the Annonaceous acetogenins group specifically found in plants of the Annonaceae family. Indeed, these compounds are known as mitochondrial complex I inhibitors displaying a range of biological activities, including antitumoral and antiprotozoal properties282930. Although they are present in fruits such as soursop and pawpaw, these compounds are also suspected of being environmental neurotoxins31.…”

Antiallergic effect of the atomized extract of rhizome of <em>Curcuma longa</em>, flowers of <em>Cordia lutea</em> and leaves of <em>Annona muricata</em>

“…The other component, A. muricata , was originally used for its nutritional properties because it was an important source of various amino acids such as arginine, glutamine, and serine 21. However, it also showed antiparasitic effect,22 anti-infective activity against some strains of Staphylococcus , Pseudomonas , and Escherichia coli 23,24 and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties 18,25,26. The presence of nobiletin, a citrus flavonoid that is associated with the suppression of mast cell degranulation,27 could explain its effects 8…”