Different tree-ring responses of Norway spruce to air temperature across an altitudinal gradient in the Eastern Carpathians (Romania)

Variability in Larch (Larix Decidua Mill.) Tree-Ring Growth Response to Climate in the Polish Carpathian Mountains

“…More knowledge about how forests respond to climate variability is needed to predict and assess the effect of future climate changes on mountain forest ecosystems [3]. It is also necessary to improve management strategies and adjust forestry practices accordingly [1,4,5]. In this context, tree-ring analysis is a valuable data source that provides information on the influence of past and recent climatic variations on tree growth as well as possible forest responses to predicted climate changes (see [6] for review).…”

Vegetation vulnerability to drought on southeastern Europe

“…On the other hand, and although needle-leaved and mixed forests also present positive correlations during summer months, the lower area with significant positive correlations and the high values of standard deviation obtained imply that these land cover types are less vulnerable to drought. As stated earlier, the relation between growth of a certain tree species (Sidor et al, 2015), and the presence of different land cover types in the region is mostly dependent on elevation. In any case, all land cover types present an area of negative correlations in June which 325 increases with altitude, and likewise, all land cover types present an area of positive correlations in July which decreases with altitude, which is in agreement with previous results obtained in the Carpathians by Sidor et al, 2015, and on areas situated at lower altitudes by Baumbach et al (2017).…”

“…As stated earlier, the relation between growth of a certain tree species (Sidor et al, 2015), and the presence of different land cover types in the region is mostly dependent on elevation. In any case, all land cover types present an area of negative correlations in June which 325 increases with altitude, and likewise, all land cover types present an area of positive correlations in July which decreases with altitude, which is in agreement with previous results obtained in the Carpathians by Sidor et al, 2015, and on areas situated at lower altitudes by Baumbach et al (2017). Nonetheless, the different land cover types do present different responses to drought conditions, and so the area of negative correlations is always larger on the case of needle leaved forests and smaller for agricultural land, whereas for the case of positive correlations, agricultural land and grassland present the largest areas and 330 needle leaved forests present the smallest.…”

“…By analysing the period from May to October, it was 290 possible to identify significant negative correlations at high altitudes in the Carpathians, and also the moment these negative correlations tend to disappear, around July, which coincides with the emergence of significant positive correlations at lower altitudes. Sidor et al (2015) analysed tree-rings of Norway spruce stands located in the Eastern Carpathians, and found that, at high altitudes, the influence of temperature is positive on June and July, but it is stronger on June, whereas the influence of precipitation is negative on these months. At lower altitudes these relations are inverted, and the authors suggest that water 295 stress may induce negative responses to temperature.…”

Growth-form regulates the altitudinal variation of interspecific seed mass of woody plants in Mt. Dalaoling, the Three Gorges Region, China

“…键作用 (Salisbury, 1974;Leishman & Murray, 2001;Stevenson et al, 2005), 并对植物群落构建的环境筛 选过程与结果具有不可替代的影响 (Arssen, 2005;Díaz et al, 2016)。 海拔是山地植被分异的主导环境梯度 (Körner, 2007), 也是生物多样性宏观分布格局的重要调控 因素 (Rahbek, 1997;Körner, 2000 (Fielding et al, 1999;Walker et al, 2014)、年轮宽度 (Wang et al, 2005;Sidor et al, 2015)、叶片性状 (Singh et al, 1994;罗璐等, 2011;Jiang & Ma, 2015 Elevation, 物种海拔分布范围的中点; GF, 生长型, 包括乔木、小乔木、灌木和木质藤本; Leaf, 叶性状, 包括常绿阔叶、落叶阔叶和针叶。 Elevation, elevation of mid-point of altitudinal species range; GF, growth form, including tree, small tree, shrub and aliana; Leaf, leaf features, including evergreen broad-leaved, deciduous broad-leaved, and coniferous; d.f., degree of freedom. 发现植物种子质量随海拔上升而减小 (Baker, 1972;Bu et al, 2006;郭淑青, 2007;Guo et al, 2010;Dainese & Sitzia, 2013), 并认为能量是海拔梯度上 种间种子质量变化的主要限制因子 (Qi et al, 2015 Dainese M, Sitzia T (2013).…”