Different types of bubbly flows in a confined channel with the aim of limiting microalgae biofilm development – Part II: Study of the development and removal of microalgae biofilm

Evaluation of membrane fouling in a microalgal-bacterial membrane photobioreactor treating secondary wastewater effluent: effect of photoperiod conditions

“…Generally, it is reported that biofouling development begins after the formation of an organic conditioning layer on the support. 68 This is corroborated by the hydraulic resistances obtained after rising, which declined when cleaning with an oxidant (Fig. 6a).…”

A microscale system for in situ investigation of immobilized microalgal cell resistance against liquid flow in the early inoculation stage

“…31,42 However, other authors hold contradictory opinions citing that high wall shear rate fluctuations were strong enough to detach some of the superficial layers. 43…”

The electrodiffusional theory for the wall shear stress measurement by two-strip probe

“…The basic geometrical shapes of probes used for the ED method are circular, and strip [14]. Circular probes are intended just for the measurements of the magnitude of the wall shear rate [19]. As a separate measuring object, the single strip probe is though direction sensitive, but due to the need to determine two independent variables as are the magnitude and direction of the shear stress vector, it is unusable.…”