Differential Adhesion Molecule Expression on Porcine Mononuclear Cell Populations

Arriëns, M. A.; Summerfield, Artur; McCullough, Ken

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3083.1998.00336.x

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…‘Leucocyte‐functioning antigen‐1’ (LFA‐1) is an adhesion molecule expressed virtually on all leucocytes. It is a heterodimeric integrin that consists of two subunits, the α‐ and β2‐chains, characterized by the cluster of differentiation (CD) nomenclature CD11a/CD18 [1, 2]. LFA‐1 is pivotal in inflammation and bound to its ligand, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‐1), LFA‐1 is responsible for the homing of T cells to peripheral lymph tissue [3], and for leucocytes transmigration into inflamed tissue via firm adhesion [4–6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Expression of the Signal Regulatory Protein α and CD18 on Porcine PBMC During Acute Endotoxaemia

et al. 2008

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Endotoxaemia elicits a massive inflammatory insult affecting the β2 integrin CD18. Being an adhesion molecule, CD18 is pivotal in inflammation and, moreover, exiting data suggest that CD18 is a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptor. Early LPS‐induced inflammation is regulated by the signal regulatory protein (SIRPα), which is identical to the porcine panmyelocytic marker swine CD workshop 3 (SWC3), and LPS‐induced downregulation of SIRPα has been described in vitro. The dynamic SIRPα/SWC3 and CD18 expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in vivo during LPS‐induced inflammation is the focus of this study. Pigs were randomized into LPS (n = 12) or control (n = 6) groups. At start 0 min, LPS infusion was stepwise (2.5–15 μg/kg/h, 30 min) followed by maintenance infusion (2.5 μg/kg/h, 330 min). PBMC were isolated at 0, 60, 240 and 360 min, and two‐colour flow cytometry was performed using monoclonal antibodies identifying SWC3 and CD18. Viability was tested using 7‐amino‐actinomycin D. LPS dramatically changed the relative distribution of circulating myeloid cells. At 60 min monocytes disappeared. This was followed by reappearance of a distinct population with low CD18 and SIRPα/SWC3 expression. Cell sorting showed that the appearing population comprised band neutrophils and apoptotic/dead cells. The remaining monocytes expressed less CD18 at 360 min than the controls (P = 0.03). The appearance of a distinct cell population comprising apoptotic cells and band neutrophils consistent with LPS‐induced apoptosis, and decreased CD18 expression on monocytes suggests that early CD18 downregulation is profitable for the host in a situation with an intense LPS stimulus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Expression of the Signal Regulatory Protein α and CD18 on Porcine PBMC During Acute Endotoxaemia

et al. 2008

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“…The results had not yet demonstrated that T cells were activated. Consequently, analyses turned to the responding T-cell subpopulations, identified by their upregulation of CD25 (1,3). PBMC obtained at 6 days postvaccination were stimulated in vitro with VP4-0 or the T-cell-B-cell tandem.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interspecies Major Histocompatibility Complex-Restricted Th Cell Epitope on Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Capsid Protein VP4

Blanco¹,

McCullough²,

Summerfield³

et al. 2000

J Virol

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T-cell epitopes within viral polypeptide VP4 of the capsid protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus were analyzed using 15-mer peptides and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from vaccinated outbred pigs. An immunodominant region between VP4 residues 16 and 35 was identified, with peptide residues 20 to 34 (VP4-0) and 21 to 35 (VP4-5) particularly immunostimulatory for PBMC from all of the vaccinated pigs. CD25 upregulation on peptide-stimulated CD4؉ CD8 ؉ cells-dominated by Th memory cells in the pig-and inhibition using anti-major histocompatibility complex class II monoclonal antibodies indicated recognition by Th lymphocytes. VP4-0 immunogenicity was retained in a tandem peptide with the VP1 residue 137 to 156 sequential B-cell epitope. This B-cell site also retained immunogenicity, but evidence is presented that specific antibody induction in vitro required both this and the T-cell site. Heterotypic recognition of the residue 20 to 35 region was also noted. Consequently, the VP4 residue 20 to 35 region is a promiscuous, immunodominant and heterotypic T-cell antigenic site for pigs that is capable of providing help for a B-cell epitope when in tandem, thus extending the possible immunogenic repertoire of peptide vaccines.Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is the causative agent of a highly contagious disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals that is capable of periodic reintroduction into areas such as Europe, where routine vaccination has been terminated (18). FMDV belongs to the Aphthovirus genus of the family Picornaviridae (27). The virus particle contains a positive-strand RNA molecule within a nonglycosylated icosahedral capsid composed of four viral polypeptides, VP1 to VP4 (2, 31). Vaccination traditionally uses inactivated whole-virus vaccines, the objective being induction of the specific antibody central to protective immune defenses (23). Although recombinant VP1 and peptides containing the VP1 (residues 137 to 156) continuous B-cell epitope or carboxy terminus have been tested (6, 13), these conferred lower protection than wholevirus vaccines (7, 39), primarily due to the absence of T-cell epitopes (11,15).Of the T-helper (Th)-cell epitopes identified on FMDV proteins (9,10,15,16,29,35,40), those conserved among different FMDV strains and recognized by different major histocompatibility complex (MHC) allelic forms would be preferred for vaccine application (31). In this respect, the VP4 structural protein (32) is highly conserved among FMDV serotypes and other picornaviruses (4) and possesses an MHC-promiscuous T-cell site for cattle-with respect to four MHC class II alleles (40). The present study therefore sought to identify T-cell epitopes on VP4 recognized by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from vaccinated pigs. Outbred White Landrace pigs from two litters, 3 to 6 month old, were immunized intramuscularly with an inactivated-virus vaccine made with FMDV strain C1 Oberbayern (C1 Obb) at 2.86 g of 146S antigen per 2-ml dose (this payload has a 50% protective dose [PD 50 ] of 11...

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“…We determined the challenge virus-specific adaptive memory T cell responses in the lung draining TBLN and blood. Activated T-helper/memory cells and NK cells exhibit enhanced surface expression of β1 integrins such as CD49d in pigs [28], and hence, we used CD49d as a surrogate marker for antigen-experienced cells in flow cytometry analysis. Both the Nano11-SwIAV and NanoS100-SwIAV vaccines augmented the frequencies of challenge virus-specific T cell responses in pigs (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The memory T cells responses in TBLN were characterized by multi-color flow cytometry (Figure 4A-I), and the standard gating strategy was followed to detect CD49d + IL-17A + and IFNγ + T-helper/memory cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) (Supplementary Figure S1B,C). The expression of the CD49d integrin was increased upon activation of T cells and can be used as a surrogate marker for antigen-experienced or memory T cells [28]. The frequencies of total T-helper/memory cells were significantly downregulated (p < 0.0001) in all of the SwIAV H1N1-OH7-challenged pigs compared to the mock animals (Figure 4A).…”

Section: Both the Candidate Nano11-based Vaccines Elicited Strong Vir...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Efficacy of a Split Swine Influenza A Virus Nasal Vaccine Formulated with a Nanoparticle/STING Agonist Combination Adjuvant in Conventional Pigs

Patil,

Hernandez-Franco,

Yadagiri

et al. 2023

Vaccines

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Swine influenza A viruses (SwIAVs) are pathogens of both veterinary and medical significance. Intranasal (IN) vaccination has the potential to reduce flu infection. We investigated the efficacy of split SwIAV H1N2 antigens adsorbed with a plant origin nanoparticle adjuvant [Nano11–SwIAV] or in combination with a STING agonist ADU-S100 [NanoS100–SwIAV]. Conventional pigs were vaccinated via IN and challenged with a heterologous SwIAV H1N1-OH7 or 2009 H1N1 pandemic virus. Immunologically, in NanoS100–SwIAV vaccinates, we observed enhanced frequencies of activated monocytes in the blood of the pandemic virus challenged animals and in tracheobronchial lymph nodes (TBLN) of H1N1-OH7 challenged animals. In both groups of the virus challenged pigs, increased frequencies of IL-17A+ and CD49d+IL-17A+ cytotoxic lymphocytes were observed in Nano11–SwIAV vaccinates in the draining TBLN. Enhanced frequency of CD49d+IFNγ+ CTLs in the TBLN and blood of both the Nano11-based SwIAV vaccinates was observed. Animals vaccinated with both Nano11-based vaccines had upregulated cross-reactive secretory IgA in the lungs and serum IgG against heterologous and heterosubtypic viruses. However, in NanoS100–SwIAV vaccinates, a slight early reduction in the H1N1 pandemic virus and a late reduction in the SwIAV H1N1-OH7 load in the nasal passages were detected. Hence, despite vast genetic differences between the vaccine and both the challenge viruses, IN vaccination with NanoS100–SwIAV induced antigen-specific moderate levels of cross-protective immune responses.

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Differential Adhesion Molecule Expression on Porcine Mononuclear Cell Populations

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Dynamic Expression of the Signal Regulatory Protein α and CD18 on Porcine PBMC During Acute Endotoxaemia

Dynamic Expression of the Signal Regulatory Protein α and CD18 on Porcine PBMC During Acute Endotoxaemia

Interspecies Major Histocompatibility Complex-Restricted Th Cell Epitope on Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Capsid Protein VP4

Characterization of the Efficacy of a Split Swine Influenza A Virus Nasal Vaccine Formulated with a Nanoparticle/STING Agonist Combination Adjuvant in Conventional Pigs

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