Differential capacitance study on the basal plane of stress-annealed pyrolytic graphite

Randin, Jean‐Paul; Yeager, Ernest

doi:10.1016/s0022-0728(72)80249-3

Cited by 257 publications

(211 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…6A) is quasiparabolic, like that observed in electrocapillary measurements on electrodes of activated carbon and exfoliated graphite (12). This response is expected if surface energy changes due to double-layer charging provide the mechanical stresses that elongate the material.…”

mentioning

confidence: 61%

Carbon Nanotube Actuators

Baughman¹,

Cui²,

Zakhidov³

et al. 1999

Science

2,351

1,440

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Electromechanical actuators based on sheets of single-walled carbon nanotubes were shown to generate higher stresses than natural muscle and higher strains than high-modulus ferroelectrics. Like natural muscles, the macroscopic actuators are assemblies of billions of individual nanoscale actuators. The actuation mechanism (quantum chemical–based expansion due to electrochemical double-layer charging) does not require ion intercalation, which limits the life and rate of faradaic conducting polymer actuators. Unlike conventional ferroelectric actuators, low operating voltages of a few volts generate large actuator strains. Predictions based on measurements suggest that actuators using optimized nanotube sheets may eventually provide substantially higher work densities per cycle than any previously known technology

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mentioning

confidence: 61%

Carbon Nanotube Actuators

Baughman¹,

Cui²,

Zakhidov³

et al. 1999

Science

2,351

1,440

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, it shows the properties of semiconductor along the direction perpendicular to the graphene layers. The capacitance versus potential curves for basal orientation [11] was symmetrical V-shaped curves with minima at 0.0 V versus NHE and independent of the chemical identity of the electrolyte. So, the graphite in the direction normal to the basal layer can be viewed as an intrinsic semiconductor.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The low capacitance for the basal layer is attributed to the semiconductor properties of graphite along the direction of basal orientation. Randin and Yeager [11][12][13] carried out detailed investigation for the differential capacitance on the surface of both edge and basal plane of stressed annealed pyrolytic graphite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of the activated carbons used in double-layer supercapacitors

Qu¹

2002

Journal of Power Sources

639

310

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The specific capacitance of activated carbons is determined by both the ratio of edge/basal orientation and the nature of functional group on the surface. The difference between the edge and the basal layers results from the semiconductive properties of basal layer. The ratio of edge/ basal orientation can be estimated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The wettability of activated carbons is determined by the nature of functional groups on the surface. Most of the surface groups are electrochemically active. The impact of the surface groups on electrochemical performance of the activated carbon electrodes was investigated by means of various surfactant treatments. The ac impedance and constant current discharge techniques were used. Two types of surface groups which had ''capacitor-like'' or ''battery-like'' behaviors, respectively, were revealed and discussed in detail. The surface groups with ''battery-like'' behavior should be avoided. ''Non-symmetric'' electrode arrangement should be considered for a double-layer supercapacitor in order to take the advantages of pseudo-capacitance of the surface groups with ''capacitor-like'' behaviors. #

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“…'+ couple) at pyrolytic graphite, 'nonphysiological' oxidation at high potential proceeds without the requirement for Mg'+. In this potential domain the electrode is expected to be positively charged [24]. This might favour binding with the negatively charged protein.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct electrochemical oxidation of Clostridium pasteurianum ferredoxin

Armstrong¹,

Hill²,

Walton³

1982

FEBS Letters

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Rapid oxidation processes relevant to the degradation of [4Fe-4S] clusters in Clostridium pasteurianum ferredoxin were studied via direct (unmediated) heterogeneous electron transfer at a pyrolytic graphite electrode. Differential-pulse voltammograms of native [4Fe-4S] ferredoxin showed two well-defined oxidation peaks corresponding to apparent E-values of +793 and +1120 mV at 5°C. Direct involvement of the cluster was established through parallel experiments with the 2[4Fe-4Se] derivative for which peak positions were shifted. Square-wave voltammetry showed that the product of the first electron transfer, which may correspond to the 'super-oxidised' [4Fe-4S13+ oxidation level, undergoes rapid degradation (tl/z < 1.6 ms at 5°C). The second oxidation process, as characterised by a significant (> 100 mV) negative shift upon selenium substitution, very likely represents oxidation of S(Se) still associated with the protein and possibly contained within the remaining Fe-S(Se) substructure.

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Differential capacitance study on the basal plane of stress-annealed pyrolytic graphite

Cited by 257 publications

References 9 publications

Carbon Nanotube Actuators

Carbon Nanotube Actuators

Studies of the activated carbons used in double-layer supercapacitors

Direct electrochemical oxidation of Clostridium pasteurianum ferredoxin

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